Sorgiovanni Ilaria, Del Giudice Maria Livia, Galimberti Sara, Buda Gabriele
Hematology Division, University of Pisa, via Roma, 67, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2025 Jan 22;18(2):145. doi: 10.3390/ph18020145.
Multiple myeloma is a malignant hematological tumor characterized by the proliferation of clonal plasma cells in the bone marrow causing organ damage. Despite improved survival rates due to the increasing availability of therapeutic options in recent decades, it remains an incurable disease, with most patients ultimately relapsing. Consequently, relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma disease (RRMM) has become a treatment priority. Immunotherapy is the backbone of treatment in RRMM, starting with monoclonal antibodies such as elotuzumab, daratumumab, and isatuximab. The aim of this review is summarizing the results of RRMM trials with monoclonal antibodies and of the principal ongoing trials containing them. Additionally, we put a brief focus on novel drugs (such as bispecific antibodies) to provide a better overview. The advent of monoclonal antibodies has been nothing short of a game-changer for multi-refractory patients. It has opened up a whole new world of possibilities, offering myeloma patients a brighter and more hopeful future, even in the face of relapse.
多发性骨髓瘤是一种恶性血液肿瘤，其特征是骨髓中克隆性浆细胞增殖并导致器官损害。尽管近几十年来由于治疗选择的增加，生存率有所提高，但它仍然是一种无法治愈的疾病，大多数患者最终会复发。因此，复发/难治性多发性骨髓瘤疾病（RRMM）已成为治疗的重点。免疫疗法是RRMM治疗的核心，首先使用的是诸如埃罗妥珠单抗、达雷妥尤单抗和isatuximab等单克隆抗体。本综述的目的是总结RRMM单克隆抗体试验的结果以及正在进行的包含这些抗体的主要试验结果。此外，我们简要关注新型药物（如双特异性抗体）以提供更好的概述。单克隆抗体的出现对多重难治性患者来说无异于一场变革。它开辟了一个全新的可能性世界，即使面对复发，也为骨髓瘤患者提供了更光明、更有希望的未来。
