最大力量能否预测精英女子赛艇运动员的赛艇成绩？
Does Maximum Strength Predict Rowing Performance in Elite Female Rowers?
作者信息
Behm Sebastian, Jacobs Mats W, Schumann Moritz
机构信息
National Rowing Training Center Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Department of Sports Medicine and Exercise Therapy, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany.
出版信息
Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2025 Mar 8;20(5):622-628. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2024-0313. Print 2025 May 1.
PURPOSE
This study aimed to identify dynamic free-weight exercises for strength training and testing that are strong determinants of specific rowing ergometer performance measures in elite female rowers.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study examined the association between 1-repetition-maximum (1RM) power clean (PC1RM), 1RM bench row (BR1RM), 1RM back squat (SQ1RM), 1RM bench press (BP1RM), and 1RM deadlift (DL1RM) with peak stroke power (PSP) and 2000-m (P2000m) and 5000-m time-trial average power (P5000m) in 17 heavyweight elite female rowers.
RESULTS
Significant correlations were found between SQ1RM, DL1RM, and PC1RM with all rowing performance measures (r = .56-.86, all P < .05). BR1RM correlated significantly with PSP and P2000m (r = .52 and .55, P < .01 and .05), and BP1RM with PSP only (r = .55, P < .01). PC1RM and either DL1RM (R2 = 77%, P < .01) or SQ1RM (R2 = 76%, P < .01) were the greatest contributors to PSP. DL1RM and SQ1RM together provided the greatest explained variance for P2000m (R2 = 72%, P < .01) and P5000m (R2 = 60%, P < .05).
CONCLUSION
SQ1RM, DL1RM, and PC1RM were the strongest determinants of rowing ergometer performance in elite female rowers and are recommended for training and testing rowing-specific strength.
目的
本研究旨在确定用于力量训练和测试的动态自由重量练习，这些练习是精英女子赛艇运动员特定赛艇测功仪性能指标的重要决定因素。
方法
一项横断面研究考察了17名重量级精英女子赛艇运动员的1次重复最大值（1RM）高翻（PC1RM）、1RM坐姿划船（BR1RM）、1RM后深蹲（SQ1RM）、1RM卧推（BP1RM）和1RM硬拉（DL1RM）与峰值划桨功率（PSP）、2000米（P2000m）和5000米计时赛平均功率（P5000m）之间的关联。
结果
发现SQ1RM、DL1RM和PC1RM与所有赛艇性能指标之间存在显著相关性（r = 0.56 - 0.86，所有P < 0.05）。BR1RM与PSP和P2000m显著相关（r = 0.52和0.55，P < 0.01和0.05），而BP1RM仅与PSP显著相关（r = 0.55，P < 0.01）。PC1RM与DL1RM（R2 = 77%，P < 0.01）或SQ1RM（R2 = 76%，P < 0.01）是PSP的最大贡献因素。DL1RM和SQ1RM共同为P2000m（R2 = 72%，P < 0.01）和P5000m（R2 = 60%，P < 0.05）提供了最大的可解释方差。
结论
SQ1RM、DL1RM和PC1RM是精英女子赛艇运动员赛艇测功仪性能的最强决定因素，建议用于训练和测试赛艇专项力量。
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