Held Steffen, Hecksteden Anne, Meyer Tim, Donath Lars
Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2021 Aug 1;16(8):1185–1193. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2020-0451. Epub 2021 Feb 4.
The present intervention study examined the effects of intensity-matched velocity-based strength training with a 10% velocity loss (VL10) versus traditional 1-repetition maximum (1RM) based resistance training to failure (TRF) on 1RM and maximal oxygen uptake (V˙O2max) in a concurrent training setting.
Using the minimization method, 21 highly trained rowers (4 females and 17 males; 19.6 [2.1] y, 1.83 [0.07] m, 74.6 [8.8] kg, V˙O2max: 64.9 [8.5] mL·kg-1·min-1) were either assigned to VL10 or TRF. In addition to rowing endurance training (about 75 min·d-1), both groups performed strength training (5 exercises, 80% 1RM, 4 sets, 2-3 min interset recovery, 2 times/week) over 8 weeks. Squat, deadlift, bench row, and bench press 1RM and V˙O2max rowing-ergometer ramp tests were completed. Overall recovery and overall stress were monitored every evening using the Short Recovery and Stress Scale.
Large and significant group × time interactions (P < .03, ηp2>.23, standard mean differences [SMD] > 0.65) in favor of VL10 (averaged +18.0% [11.3%]) were observed for squat, bench row, and bench press 1RM compared with TRF (averaged +8.0% [2.9%]). V˙O2max revealed no interaction effects (P = .55, ηp2=.01, standard mean difference < .23) but large time effects (P < .05, ηp2>.27). Significant group × time interactions (P = .001, ηp2>.54, SMD > |0.525|) in favor of VL10 were also observed for overall recovery and overall stress 24 and 48 hours after strength training.
VL10 serves as a promising means to improve strength capacity at lower repetitions and stress levels in highly trained athletes. Future research should investigate the interference effects of VL10 in strength endurance sports and its effects when increasing weekly VL10 sessions within one macrocycle.
本干预研究探讨了在同时进行训练的环境中，与基于传统1次重复最大值（1RM）至力竭的阻力训练（TRF）相比，强度匹配的基于速度损失10%（VL10）的速度训练对1RM和最大摄氧量（V˙O2max）的影响。
采用最小化方法，将21名训练有素的赛艇运动员（4名女性和17名男性；年龄19.6[2.1]岁，身高1.83[0.07]米，体重74.6[8.8]千克，V˙O2max：64.9[8.5]毫升·千克-1·分钟-1）分为VL10组或TRF组。除了赛艇耐力训练（约每天75分钟）外，两组均进行力量训练（5项练习，80%1RM，4组，组间恢复2 - 3分钟，每周2次），持续8周。完成深蹲、硬拉、坐姿划船和卧推的1RM以及V˙O2max赛艇测功仪递增负荷测试。每天晚上使用简短恢复和压力量表监测总体恢复情况和总体压力。
与TRF组（平均增加8.0%[2.9%]）相比，VL10组（平均增加18.0%[11.3%]）在深蹲、坐姿划船和卧推1RM方面观察到显著的组×时间交互作用（P <.03，ηp2>.23，标准化均数差[SMD]>0.65）。V˙O2max未显示交互作用（P =.55，ηp2=.01，标准化均数差<.23），但有显著的时间效应（P <.05，ηp2>.27）。在力量训练后24小时和48小时的总体恢复和总体压力方面，也观察到有利于VL10组的显著组×时间交互作用（P =.001，ηp2>.54，SMD > |0.525|）。
VL10是一种有前景的方法，可在训练有素的运动员中以较低的重复次数和压力水平提高力量能力。未来的研究应调查VL10在力量耐力运动中的干扰效应，以及在一个大周期内增加每周VL10训练次数时的效果。
