Willie Tiara C, Linton Sabriya, Adams Leslie B, Overstreet Nicole M, Whittaker Shannon, Faller Theresa, Knight Deja, Kershaw Trace S
Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Department of Public Mental Health and Population Sciences, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Inj Epidemiol. 2025 Feb 26;12(1):10. doi: 10.1186/s40621-025-00562-4.
Young couples transitioning into parenthood are at elevated risk of experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV), in part, due to the social and economic stressors associated with this critical time. Interpersonal racial discrimination is a known risk factor for male-to-female IPV perpetration, however few studies have examined this relationship among men transitioning to fatherhood. Similarly, structural racism acknowledges how inequitable systems reinforce racial discrimination; yet, few studies have investigated whether structural racism relates to the discrimination-IPV perpetration association. This study examined relationships among structural racism, racial discrimination, stress, and IPV perpetration among racially diverse men transitioning into fatherhood.
Using data from the 2007-2011 American Community Survey, a structural racism was assessed using a latent variable with four indicators: racial residential segregation, education inequity, income inequity, and employment inequity. Individual-level prospective data were collected during 2007-2011 from 296 men in expectant couples recruited from obstetrics, and ultrasound clinics in Connecticut. Structural equation models were conducted to investigate longitudinal associations among structural racism, discrimination, stress, optimism and emotional IPV perpetration.
Compared to white men, Black men were more likely to experience structural racism (B = 0.95, p <.001). Structural racism was associated with more racial discrimination (B = 0.45, p <.05), more stress (B = 0.40, p <.05), and less optimism (B=-0.50, p <.001). Racial discrimination was associated with more stress (B = 0.23, p <.05) and marginally associated with a greater likelihood to perpetrate emotional violence against a female partner (B = 0.23, p =.06). Stress was associated with a greater likelihood to perpetrate emotional violence against a female partner (B = 0.31, p =.05). The indirect path from structural racism to IPV perpetration via racial discrimination and stress was marginally significant (B = 0.05, p =.07).
This study provides evidence of the ways in which structural racism in housing, education, income, and employment can contribute to men's use of aggression and violence against a female partner. Future intervention efforts to reduce emotional IPV perpetration could benefit from addressing structural racism.
初为父母的年轻夫妇遭受亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）的风险较高，部分原因是这一关键时期相关的社会和经济压力因素。人际间的种族歧视是男性对女性实施亲密伴侣暴力的一个已知风险因素，然而很少有研究考察在初为人父的男性中这种关系。同样，结构性种族主义认识到不公平的制度如何强化种族歧视；然而，很少有研究调查结构性种族主义是否与歧视 - 亲密伴侣暴力实施之间的关联有关。本研究考察了在初为人父的不同种族男性中，结构性种族主义、种族歧视、压力和亲密伴侣暴力实施之间的关系。
使用2007 - 2011年美国社区调查的数据，通过一个具有四个指标的潜在变量评估结构性种族主义：种族居住隔离、教育不平等、收入不平等和就业不平等。2007 - 2011年期间，从康涅狄格州的产科和超声诊所招募的296名准爸爸所在的准父母夫妇中收集个体层面的前瞻性数据。进行结构方程模型以研究结构性种族主义、歧视、压力、乐观主义和情感性亲密伴侣暴力实施之间的纵向关联。
与白人男性相比，黑人男性更有可能经历结构性种族主义（B = 0.95，p <.001）。结构性种族主义与更多的种族歧视（B = 0.45，p <.05）、更多的压力（B = 0.40，p <.05）以及更少的乐观主义（B = -0.50，p <.001）相关。种族歧视与更多的压力（B = 0.23，p <.05）相关，并且与对女性伴侣实施情感暴力的可能性略高相关（B = 0.23，p =.06）。压力与对女性伴侣实施情感暴力的可能性更高相关（B = 0.31，p =.05）。从结构性种族主义通过种族歧视和压力到亲密伴侣暴力实施的间接路径略具显著性（B = 0.05，p =.07）。
本研究提供了证据，表明住房、教育、收入和就业方面的结构性种族主义如何导致男性对女性伴侣使用攻击和暴力。未来减少情感性亲密伴侣暴力实施的干预措施可能会受益于解决结构性种族主义问题。
