Vázquez Elena, de Gregorio Óscar, Soriano Vicente, Álvarez Carmen, Ortega-de la Puente Alfonso, de la Cruz-Echeandía Marina, Blanco-Valencia Xiomara Patricia, Royuela Ana, Esteban-Sampedro Jorge, Martín-Portugués Mario, Corral Octavio, Moreno-Torres Víctor
UNIR Health Sciences School and Medical Center, Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, Madrid, Spain.
Instituto de Transferencia e Investigación (ITEI), Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, Madrid, Spain.
J Infect Public Health. 2025 May;18(5):102706. doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102706. Epub 2025 Feb 18.
Pregnant women are at high risk of acquiring listeriosis, resulting in severe fetal and neonatal outcomes.
All hospitalizations with a listeriosis diagnosis in pregnant women (obstetric listeriosis) and/or newborns (neonatal listeriosis) in Spain from 2000 to 2021 were examined using the National Registry of Hospital Discharges, employing ICD-9 and -10 coding lists.
A total of 540 and 450 hospital admissions for obstetric listeriosis and neonatal listeriosis were identified, respectively, with 146 adverse fetal-neonatal outcomes (miscarriage, fetal loss, stillbirth, and neonatal death). The incidence of obstetric listeriosis, neonatal listeriosis, and adverse fetal-neonatal outcomes (5.7, 4.7, and 1.5 per 100,000 deliveries, respectively) rose significantly from 2000 to 2021. No maternal deaths were recorded among women hospitalized with obstetric listeriosis. However, 9.8 % experienced miscarriage, related to bacteremia (OR=2.46), 6.3 % fetal loss and 5.9 % stillbirths, associated with chorioamnionitis (OR=3.42), which was identified in 77.7 % of 254 deliveries. Overall, 51.1 % of newborns developed sepsis, 58.9 % prematurity, 26.9 % ARDS, and 9.8 % died. ARDS (OR=2.76) and prematurity (OR=5.07) were associated with perinatal death in newborns with listeriosis. Pregnancy-related listeriosis was associated with increased risks of miscarriage (OR=1.75), intrauterine death (OR=17), preterm labor (OR=8.78), fetal distress (OR=2.10), cesarean section (OR=1.68), and stillbirth (OR=23.57).
Admissions for obstetric listeriosis and neonatal listeriosis in Spain have risen significantly from 2000 to 2021. Pregnancy-related listeriosis has a deleterious impact on fetal and neonatal outcomes, including miscarriages, fetal loss, stillbirth, and neonatal death. Surveillance, prevention, and prompt management of pregnant women with listeriosis and newborns with neonatal infection are warranted.
孕妇感染李斯特菌病的风险很高，会导致严重的胎儿和新生儿结局。
利用国家医院出院登记处的数据，采用国际疾病分类第9版和第10版编码列表，对2000年至2021年西班牙所有诊断为李斯特菌病的孕妇（产科李斯特菌病）和/或新生儿（新生儿李斯特菌病）的住院病例进行了检查。
分别确定了540例产科李斯特菌病和450例新生儿李斯特菌病的住院病例，其中有146例出现不良胎儿-新生儿结局（流产、胎儿丢失、死产和新生儿死亡）。2000年至2021年，产科李斯特菌病、新生儿李斯特菌病及不良胎儿-新生儿结局的发病率（分别为每10万例分娩5.7例、4.7例和1.5例）显著上升。产科李斯特菌病住院的女性中未记录到孕产妇死亡。然而，9.8%的孕妇发生流产，与菌血症有关（比值比=2.46）；6.3%的孕妇出现胎儿丢失，5.9%的孕妇发生死产，与绒毛膜羊膜炎有关（比值比=3.42），在254例分娩中有77.7%的病例确诊为绒毛膜羊膜炎。总体而言，51.1%的新生儿发生败血症，58.9%的新生儿早产，26.9%的新生儿发生急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS），9.8%的新生儿死亡。ARDS（比值比=2.76）和早产（比值比=5.07）与李斯特菌病新生儿的围产期死亡有关。妊娠相关李斯特菌病与流产（比值比=1.75）、宫内死亡（比值比=17）、早产（比值比=8.78）、胎儿窘迫（比值比=2.10）、剖宫产（比值比=1.68）和死产（比值比=23.57）的风险增加有关。
2000年至2021年，西班牙产科李斯特菌病和新生儿李斯特菌病的住院病例显著增加。妊娠相关李斯特菌病对胎儿和新生儿结局有有害影响，包括流产、胎儿丢失、死产和新生儿死亡。有必要对感染李斯特菌病的孕妇和感染新生儿感染进行监测、预防和及时管理。
