Oubohssaine Malika, Hnini Mohamed, Rabeh Karim
Microbiology and Molecular Biology Team, Center of Plant and Microbial Biotechnology, Biodiversity and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Avenue Ibn Battouta, BP 1014, Rabat, 10000, Morocco.
Research Team in Science and Technology, High School of Technology Laayoune, Ibn Zohr University, Morocco.
J Plant Physiol. 2025 Apr;307:154454. doi: 10.1016/j.jplph.2025.154454. Epub 2025 Feb 17.
Phospholipid signaling is essential for plant growth and development, orchestrating cellular membrane dynamics and regulating physiological processes critical for environmental adaptation. Phosphatidic acid (PA) plays diverse roles in key plant functions, including facilitating pollen tube growth, protecting against HO-induced cell death, and modulating actin cytoskeleton polymerization. Additionally, PA influences abscisic acid (ABA) signaling, impacting ionic flux, stomatal movement, and superoxide production. Phospholipase D (PLD) emerges as a crucial regulator, potentially linking and orchestrating microtubule reorganization. Saturated fatty acids, produced through phospholipase A (PLA) activity, also regulate various cellular processes. In Arabidopsis thaliana, Defender Against Apoptotic Death1 (DAD1), a plastidic PC-PLA1, supports jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis, which is essential for pollen maturation and flower development. Phospholipid signaling significantly influences stomatal function, with phospholipases modulating stomatal closure. This signaling pathway also plays a critical role in root development, where phosphocholine (PCho) and PA regulate root growth and tip growth of root hairs. This review highlights the pivotal role of phospholipid signaling pathways in coordinating plant growth, development, and responses to environmental cues. It explores the roles of PLD and PA in signal transduction and membrane degradation, particularly in seed aging. Additionally, it discusses the biotechnological applications of plant lipids, including genetic engineering for nutritional enhancement and biofuel production. Despite recent advancements, challenges such as low yield remain obstacles to the widespread adoption of biodiesel technology.
磷脂信号传导对植物生长发育至关重要，它协调细胞膜动态变化并调节对环境适应至关重要的生理过程。磷脂酸（PA）在植物关键功能中发挥多种作用，包括促进花粉管生长、保护细胞免受HO诱导的死亡以及调节肌动蛋白细胞骨架聚合。此外，PA影响脱落酸（ABA）信号传导，影响离子通量、气孔运动和超氧化物产生。磷脂酶D（PLD）成为关键调节因子，可能连接并协调微管重组。通过磷脂酶A（PLA）活性产生的饱和脂肪酸也调节各种细胞过程。在拟南芥中，抗凋亡死亡防御者1（DAD1），一种质体PC-PLA1，支持茉莉酸（JA）生物合成，这对花粉成熟和花发育至关重要。磷脂信号传导显著影响气孔功能，磷脂酶调节气孔关闭。该信号通路在根发育中也起关键作用，其中磷酸胆碱（PCho）和PA调节根生长和根毛的顶端生长。本综述强调了磷脂信号通路在协调植物生长、发育和对环境线索反应中的关键作用。它探讨了PLD和PA在信号转导和膜降解中的作用，特别是在种子老化方面。此外，它讨论了植物脂质的生物技术应用，包括用于营养强化和生物燃料生产的基因工程。尽管最近取得了进展，但诸如低产量等挑战仍然是生物柴油技术广泛采用的障碍。
