Zhou Yi, Li Hai Gang, Huang Qiao, Liang ShangJin, Huang QiYan, Zuo MengTing, Bao MeiHua, He BinSheng
The Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the TCM Agricultural Biogenomics, Changsha Medical University, Hunan 410219, China; College of Pharmacy, Changsha Medical University, Hunan 410219, China.
Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, Changsha Medical University, Hunan 410219, China; College of Pharmacy, Changsha Medical University, Hunan 410219, China.
Pestic Biochem Physiol. 2025 Mar;208:106249. doi: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.106249. Epub 2024 Dec 10.
The Spodoptera litura, a crucial polyphagous pest, has emerged as a major threat to the agricultural sector. Regrettably, despite ongoing efforts, scientists have yet to uncover a safe and efficient control medication to tackle this pressing issue. Toosendanin (TSN), a commercial insecticidal active ingredient used to manage various pests in the field, has adverse effects on Spodoptera litura. However, the effects of TSN on the midgut of S. litura larvae remain unclear. This study explored the mechanism of TSN-induced toxicity and its inhibitory effects on larval growth and development using intestinal pathology, intestinal digestive enzyme activity determination, and intestinal transcriptome sequencing. The results indicated that TSN treatment led to pathological changes in the midgut structure. Analysis of digestive enzyme activity revealed that TSN inhibited the activities of acetyl CoA carboxylase, lipase, α-amylase, and trypsin. Simultaneously, it upregulated superoxide dismutase and reduced malondialdehyde content. Transcriptome analysis revealed that 2151 genes were significantly differentially expressed in the midgut after TSN exposure; the analysis highlighted significant enrichment of DEGs in areas such as hydrolase activity, carbohydrate metabolism, and peptide metabolism. Notably, some key enzymes involved in lipid metabolism, protein metabolism, and carbohydrate metabolism, such as pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase-like, pancreatic lipid-related protein 2-like, lipase3, alpha-amylase, trypsin, and chymotrypsin were downregulated following TSN treatment. This study's findings suggest that TSN causes midgut damage and inhibits larval growth by inducing metabolic dysfunction in the midgut.
斜纹夜蛾是一种重要的多食性害虫，已成为农业领域的重大威胁。遗憾的是，尽管一直在努力，但科学家们尚未找到一种安全有效的防治药物来解决这一紧迫问题。川楝素（TSN）是一种用于田间防治多种害虫的商业杀虫活性成分，对斜纹夜蛾有不良影响。然而，TSN对斜纹夜蛾幼虫中肠的影响尚不清楚。本研究通过肠道病理学、肠道消化酶活性测定和肠道转录组测序，探讨了TSN诱导毒性的机制及其对幼虫生长发育的抑制作用。结果表明，TSN处理导致中肠结构发生病理变化。消化酶活性分析表明，TSN抑制了乙酰辅酶A羧化酶、脂肪酶、α-淀粉酶和胰蛋白酶的活性。同时，它上调了超氧化物歧化酶并降低了丙二醛含量。转录组分析显示，TSN暴露后中肠中有2151个基因显著差异表达；分析突出了差异表达基因在水解酶活性、碳水化合物代谢和肽代谢等领域的显著富集。值得注意的是，TSN处理后，一些参与脂质代谢、蛋白质代谢和碳水化合物代谢的关键酶，如胰腺三酰甘油脂肪酶样、胰腺脂质相关蛋白2样、脂肪酶3、α-淀粉酶、胰蛋白酶和糜蛋白酶等被下调。本研究结果表明，TSN通过诱导中肠代谢功能障碍导致中肠损伤并抑制幼虫生长。
