Sajjan Umadevi
Centre for Inflammation and Lung Research, Lewis Katz Medical School, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Inflammation, Lewis Katz Medical School, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Methods Mol Biol. 2025;2903:51-63. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-4410-2_6.
Viruses are dependent on their host cells for replication. The first step in viral infection is the binding of the virus to the host cell membrane, followed by internalization or endocytosis of the virus. Rhinoviruses utilize several cellular membrane receptors to cross the plasma membrane by endocytosis. Three major glycoprotein receptors that are utilized by rhinoviruses to gain entry into the cells are intracellular adhesion molecules, low-density lipoprotein receptor family members, and cadherin-related family member-3. Rhinovirus is endocytosed by a clathrin- or dynamin-dependent mechanism. Upon uptake into an acidic endosomal environment, rhinovirus uncoats and injects its genome into the cytoplasm, where the viral replication begins. It is often difficult to differentiate between bound and the endocytosed rhinovirus in the cells. Here, we describe a method to quantify bound and endocytosed virus by flow cytometry.
病毒依赖宿主细胞进行复制。病毒感染的第一步是病毒与宿主细胞膜结合，随后病毒发生内化或内吞作用。鼻病毒利用多种细胞膜受体通过内吞作用穿过质膜。鼻病毒用于进入细胞的三种主要糖蛋白受体是细胞间黏附分子、低密度脂蛋白受体家族成员和钙黏蛋白相关家族成员3。鼻病毒通过网格蛋白或发动蛋白依赖性机制被内吞。进入酸性内体环境后，鼻病毒脱壳并将其基因组注入细胞质，病毒复制由此开始。在细胞中，通常很难区分结合的鼻病毒和内吞的鼻病毒。在此，我们描述一种通过流式细胞术对结合的和内吞的病毒进行定量的方法。
