Wang Tiantian, Shuai Peimeng, Wang Qingyu, Guo Caimao, Huang Shuqi, Li Yuanyuan, Wu Wenyu, Yi Lan
Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China.
Hengyang Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China.
Mol Med Rep. 2025 Apr;31(4). doi: 10.3892/mmr.2025.13472. Epub 2025 Feb 28.
α‑1 Antitrypsin (AAT) is an acute phase protein encoded by the gene. This multifunctional protein serves several roles, including anti‑inflammatory, antibacterial, antiapoptotic and immune regulatory functions. The primary role of AAT is to protect tissues and organs from protease‑induced damage due to its function as a serine protease inhibitor. AAT is associated with the development of lung inflammation, liver inflammation and immune‑mediated inflammatory diseases, which are influenced by environmental and genetic factors. For instance, AAT acts as an anti‑inflammatory protein to prevent and reverse type I diabetes. The present study briefly reviewed the molecular properties and mechanisms of AAT, as well as advances in the study of lung, liver and inflammatory diseases associated with AAT. The potential of AAT as a diagnostic and therapeutic target for inflammatory and immune‑mediated inflammatory diseases was reviewed. In addition, the damaging and protective effects of AAT, and its effects on organ function were discussed.
α-1抗胰蛋白酶（AAT）是一种由该基因编码的急性期蛋白。这种多功能蛋白具有多种作用，包括抗炎、抗菌、抗凋亡和免疫调节功能。AAT的主要作用是作为一种丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂，保护组织和器官免受蛋白酶诱导的损伤。AAT与肺部炎症、肝脏炎症和免疫介导的炎症性疾病的发生发展相关，这些疾病受环境和遗传因素影响。例如，AAT作为一种抗炎蛋白可预防和逆转I型糖尿病。本研究简要综述了AAT的分子特性和机制，以及与AAT相关的肺部、肝脏和炎症性疾病的研究进展。综述了AAT作为炎症和免疫介导的炎症性疾病诊断和治疗靶点的潜力。此外，还讨论了AAT的损伤和保护作用及其对器官功能的影响。
