Hüzmeli İrem, Katayıfçı Nihan, Abay Büşra, Akkuş Oğuz, Özer Aysel Yıldız
Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, 31000, Turkey.
Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Institute of Health Sciences, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey.
BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2025 Feb 28;17(1):29. doi: 10.1186/s13102-025-01082-w.
The effect of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) applied along with function in Hypertension (HT) patients is uncertain. In this study, it was to determine the effectiveness of functional IMT (F-IMT) on functional lower and upper exercise capacity, mobility, peripheral and respiratory muscle strength, blood pressure, fatigue, physical activity, and quality of life (HRQoL) in HT patients.
Prospective, randomized controlled, assessor-blinded, parallel three-armed trial. Forty-five patients with HT were divided into F-IMT group (IMT with 50% maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP)/4 weeks + exercise and IMT with 50% MIP/4 weeks, n = 15), IMT group (MIP 50%, n = 15) and control group (CG, breathing exercises, n = 15). 6-min walking test (6-MWT), 6-min pegboard ring test (6PBRT), 1-min sit to stand test (1STS), mobility, peripheral muscle strength, MIP, maximal expiratory pressure (MEP), systolic& diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP), fatigue, physical activity, and HRQoL were evaluated before and after 8 weeks of training.
Increases in 6-MWT were higher in F-IMT (p < 0.001). 6PBRT, 1STS, quadriceps femoris strength were improved and SBP reduced in F-IMT and IMT than CG (p < 0.001). Mobility, handgrip, HRQoL, and physical activity level increased within groups (p < 0.05). MIP increased within F-IMT and IMT; MEP, fatigue, DBP improved only within F-IMT (p < 0.05).
F-IMT is more effective in enhancing exercise capacity, reducing fatigue and DBP, and improving MEP. Both IMT and F-IMT show similar benefits for upper extremity exercise capacity, quadriceps femoris strength, SBP, and MIP. Mobility, HRQoL, and physical activity levels are increased with F-IMT, IMT, and breathing exercises.
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT06343246 (03/29/2024).
吸气肌训练（IMT）与高血压（HT）患者功能相结合的效果尚不确定。在本研究中，旨在确定功能性吸气肌训练（F-IMT）对HT患者的功能性上下肢运动能力、活动能力、外周和呼吸肌力量、血压、疲劳、身体活动及生活质量（HRQoL）的有效性。
前瞻性、随机对照、评估者盲法、平行三臂试验。45例HT患者分为F-IMT组（50%最大吸气压力（MIP）的IMT/4周+运动以及50%MIP的IMT/4周，n = 15）、IMT组（MIP 50%，n = 15）和对照组（CG，呼吸练习，n = 15）。在训练8周前后评估6分钟步行试验（6-MWT）、6分钟钉板套圈试验（6PBRT）、1分钟坐立试验（1STS）、活动能力、外周肌肉力量、MIP、最大呼气压力（MEP）、收缩压和舒张压（SBP、DBP）、疲劳、身体活动及HRQoL。
F-IMT组6-MWT的增加幅度更大（p < 0.001）。与CG组相比，F-IMT组和IMT组的6PBRT、1STS、股四头肌力量得到改善，SBP降低（p < 0.001）。各组内活动能力、握力、HRQoL和身体活动水平均有所提高（p < 0.05）。F-IMT组和IMT组的MIP增加；仅F-IMT组的MEP、疲劳和DBP得到改善（p < 0.05）。
F-IMT在增强运动能力、减轻疲劳和降低DBP以及改善MEP方面更有效。IMT和F-IMT在改善上肢运动能力、股四头肌力量、SBP和MIP方面显示出相似的益处。F-IMT、IMT和呼吸练习均可提高活动能力、HRQoL和身体活动水平。
ClinicalTrials.gov标识符：NCT06343246（2024年3月29日）。
