Trinder S M, Kiraly-Borri C, Dholaria H, Charles A, Roebuck D J, Ryan A L
Department of Haematology, Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplant, Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia.
J Paediatr Child Health. 2025 Jun;61(6):836-845. doi: 10.1111/jpc.70021. Epub 2025 Mar 3.
Childhood renal masses comprise a heterogeneous group of conditions that have a wide range of presentations. This review outlines an approach to the diagnostic work-up of childhood renal masses and discusses the most common presentations and treatments. Renal tumours make up 5% of childhood cancer in Australia, with Wilms tumour being the most common under age 10 years. Significant advances have been made through global cooperative efforts to improve the understanding of biology, genetic basis, and classification of disease as well as standardise treatment protocols. As survival outcomes have improved, a focus on surveillance of the late effects of treatment is important. Around 10%-15% are related to cancer predisposition syndromes, and therefore consideration of this is critical at diagnosis and throughout care. Early involvement of a multi-disciplinary team is essential to ensure accurate diagnosis and management for these children and their families. Australia holds a unique perspective, as both European (SIOP) and North American (COG) treatment approaches are adopted across its paediatric oncology centres for malignant tumours. This results in flexibility in patient management but also necessitates careful decision-making regarding protocol selection.
儿童肾肿块包括一组异质性疾病，临床表现广泛。本综述概述了儿童肾肿块的诊断检查方法，并讨论了最常见的临床表现和治疗方法。在澳大利亚，肾肿瘤占儿童癌症的5%，其中肾母细胞瘤是10岁以下儿童中最常见的。通过全球合作努力，在增进对疾病生物学、遗传基础和分类的理解以及使治疗方案标准化方面取得了重大进展。随着生存结果的改善，关注治疗的晚期效应监测很重要。约10%-15%与癌症易感综合征有关，因此在诊断和整个治疗过程中考虑这一点至关重要。多学科团队的早期介入对于确保对这些儿童及其家庭进行准确的诊断和管理至关重要。澳大利亚有独特的视角，因为其儿科肿瘤中心对恶性肿瘤同时采用欧洲（国际小儿肿瘤学会，SIOP）和北美（儿童肿瘤协作组，COG）的治疗方法。这使得患者管理具有灵活性，但也需要在方案选择上进行谨慎决策。
