Temur Isa, Temur Katibe Tugce, Dönertas Safak Necati, Dönertas Aycan Dal, Kacmaz Mustafa
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Niğde, Turkey.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Niğde, Turkey.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2025 Mar 3;25(1):231. doi: 10.1186/s12884-025-07337-1.
Preterm birth significantly elevates neonatal mortality and morbidity, often resulting in developmental challenges and severe health consequences. Risk factor identification is essential for preventative measures. This research aimed to assess maternal oral health's effects on inflammatory blood markers and determine a possible relationship with preterm low birth weight (PLBW).
This study employed a cross-sectional and case-control design. A randomized cohort of fifty women who delivered low-birth-weight infants was compared to a matched control group of fifty women who delivered full-term infants. Oral health was evaluated using the DMFT (Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth), DMFS (Decayed, Missing, and Filled Surfaces), Plaque Index (PI), Gingival Index (GI), Pocket Depth (PD), and Clinical Attachment Level (CAL). Patient history and relevant hematological data were retrieved from medical records. Logistic regression modeling was conducted on variables exhibiting statistical significance (p < 0.05) following group comparisons.
The case group showed significantly higher oral health indices than the control group, with median DMFT scores of 7.14 vs. 4.74 (p = 0.013), DMFS scores of 20.58 vs. 12.08 (p = 0.026), PI values of 1.96 vs. 1.18, GI values of 2.03 vs. 1.20, and PD values of 2.61 mm vs. 2.00 mm (all p < 0.001). However, none of these parameters (DMFT, DMFS, PI, GI, or PD) were significant predictors of PLBW (p > 0.05). Weak positive correlations were observed between PI, GI, PD, and leukocyte counts (r = 0.240, p = 0.016; r = 0.248, p = 0.013; and r = 0.220, p = 0.028, respectively).
Considering the study's limitations, the principal results suggest a statistically significant difference in oral health, with women delivering low birth weight infants exhibiting poorer outcomes than control groups. Analysis of secondary outcomes indicates that oral health is not an independent predictor of preterm birth; instead, its contribution may be indirect and through systemic inflammation. Effective collaboration between obstetricians and dentists is crucial for the early detection and management of oral health issues in pregnant patients. Prioritizing the creation of public health policies designed to reduce the incidence of preterm births and strengthen maternal-fetal well-being is essential.
Not applicable.
早产显著提高了新生儿死亡率和发病率，常常导致发育挑战和严重的健康后果。识别风险因素对于预防措施至关重要。本研究旨在评估孕产妇口腔健康对血液炎症标志物的影响，并确定其与早产低体重（PLBW）之间可能存在的关系。
本研究采用横断面和病例对照设计。将五十名分娩低体重儿的女性随机队列与五十名分娩足月儿的匹配对照组进行比较。使用龋失补牙数（DMFT）、龋失补牙面数（DMFS）、菌斑指数（PI）、牙龈指数（GI）、牙周袋深度（PD）和临床附着水平（CAL）评估口腔健康。从病历中获取患者病史和相关血液学数据。对组间比较后具有统计学意义（p < 0.05）的变量进行逻辑回归建模。
病例组的口腔健康指数显著高于对照组，DMFT中位数得分分别为7.14和4.74（p = 0.013），DMFS得分分别为[具体数值]和12.08（p = 0.026），PI值分别为1.96和1.18，GI值分别为2.03和1.20，PD值分别为2.61毫米和2.00毫米（所有p < 0.001）。然而，这些参数（DMFT、DMFS、PI、GI或PD）均不是PLBW的显著预测因素（p > 0.05）。观察到PI、GI、PD与白细胞计数之间存在弱正相关（r分别为0.240，p = 0.016；r为0.248，p = 0.013；r为0.220，p = 0.028）。
考虑到本研究的局限性，主要结果表明口腔健康存在统计学上的显著差异，分娩低体重儿的女性比对照组表现出更差的结果。对次要结果的分析表明，口腔健康不是早产出生的独立预测因素；相反，其影响可能是间接的，通过全身炎症起作用。产科医生和牙医之间的有效合作对于早期发现和管理孕妇的口腔健康问题至关重要。优先制定旨在降低早产发生率和加强母婴健康的公共卫生政策至关重要。
不适用。
