Zhang Jiayi, Wang Fang, Sun Zhaogang, Ye Jun, Chu Hongqian
Translational Medicine Center, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149, China.
Beijing Key Laboratory in Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, 101149, China.
J Nanobiotechnology. 2025 Mar 3;23(1):161. doi: 10.1186/s12951-025-03236-x.
Immunotherapy holds notable progress in the treatment of cancer. However, the clinical therapeutic effect remains a significant challenge due to immune-related side effects, poor immunogenicity, and immunosuppressive microenvironment. Nanoparticles have emerged as a revolutionary tool to surmount these obstacles and amplify the potency of immunotherapeutic agents. Prussian blue nanoparticles (PBNPs) exhibit multi-dimensional immune function in cancer immunotherapy, including acting as a nanocarrier to deliver immunotherapeutic agents, as a photothermal agent to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy through photothermal therapy, as a nanozyme to regulate tumor microenvironment, and as an iron donor to induce immune events related to ferroptosis and tumor-associated macrophages polarization. This review focuses on the advances and applications of PBNPs in cancer immunotherapy. First, the biomedical functions of PBNPs are introduced. Then, based on the immune function of PBNPs, we systematically reviewed the multidimensional application of PBNPs in cancer immunotherapy. Finally, the challenges and future developments of PBNPs-based cancer immunotherapy are highlighted.
免疫疗法在癌症治疗方面取得了显著进展。然而，由于免疫相关副作用、免疫原性差和免疫抑制微环境，临床治疗效果仍然是一个重大挑战。纳米颗粒已成为克服这些障碍并增强免疫治疗药物效力的革命性工具。普鲁士蓝纳米颗粒（PBNPs）在癌症免疫治疗中展现出多维度免疫功能，包括作为纳米载体递送免疫治疗药物、作为光热剂通过光热疗法提高免疫治疗效果、作为纳米酶调节肿瘤微环境以及作为铁供体诱导与铁死亡和肿瘤相关巨噬细胞极化相关的免疫事件。本综述聚焦于PBNPs在癌症免疫治疗中的进展与应用。首先，介绍了PBNPs的生物医学功能。然后，基于PBNPs的免疫功能，我们系统地综述了PBNPs在癌症免疫治疗中的多维度应用。最后，强调了基于PBNPs的癌症免疫治疗面临的挑战和未来发展方向。
