Dube Anish R, Ambrose Adrian Jacques H, Velez German, Jadhav Mandar
Riverside University Health System/Loma Linda University, Moreno Valley, CA, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York City, NY, USA.
Int Rev Psychiatry. 2025 Feb;37(1):33-38. doi: 10.1080/09540261.2024.2363374. Epub 2024 Jun 6.
The use of augmented or artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare promises groundbreaking advancements, from increasing diagnostic accuracy and minimizing clinical errors to personalized treatment plans and automated clinical decision-making. Its use may allow us to transition from phenomenological categories of psychiatric illness to one driven by underlying etiology and realize the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) model proposed by the (U.S.) National Institutes of Mental Health (NIMH), which today remains difficult to apply clinically and is accessible primarily to researchers. AI may facilitate the transition to a more syncretic framework of understanding psychiatric illness that accounts for disruptions, all the way from the cellular level to the level of social systems. Yet, despite immense possibilities, there are also associated risks. In this article, we explore the challenges and opportunities associated with the use of AI in psychiatry, focusing on the potential ethical and health equity considerations in vulnerable populations, especially in child and adolescent psychiatry.
在医疗保健领域使用增强技术或人工智能（AI）有望带来突破性进展，从提高诊断准确性、减少临床错误到制定个性化治疗方案以及实现自动化临床决策。其应用可能使我们从精神疾病的现象学分类转向基于潜在病因的分类，并实现美国国立精神卫生研究所（NIMH）提出的研究领域标准（RDoC）模型，该模型目前在临床上仍难以应用，主要供研究人员使用。人工智能可能有助于向更综合的理解精神疾病的框架转变，这种框架能够解释从细胞水平到社会系统层面的各种功能紊乱。然而，尽管有巨大的可能性，但也存在相关风险。在本文中，我们探讨在精神病学中使用人工智能所带来的挑战和机遇，重点关注弱势群体，尤其是儿童和青少年精神病学中潜在的伦理和健康公平问题。
