Daget Tekalgn Mamay, Kassie Bantamlak Birlie, Tassew Dehenenet Flatie
Ethiopian Institute of Textile and Fashion Technology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Ethiopian Institute of Textile and Fashion Technology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2025 May;306(Pt 3):141637. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.141637. Epub 2025 Mar 2.
Textiles are used in various wearable and technical applications, requiring diverse properties. Functionalization refers to processes that impart new properties, such as flame retardancy, anti-microbial effects, UV protection, and hydrophobicity. The textile industry is shifting from synthetic polymers to eco-friendly biopolymers, which offer biodegradability and sustainability, reducing environmental impact. Biopolymer-based finishes improve performance while being safer and greener, supporting global sustainability goals. This review focuses on biopolymers used for textile functionalization and their potential in advanced medical applications like drug delivery and tissue engineering. Common biopolymer sources include renewable resources such as plants, microorganisms, and animals. Notable biopolymers, like bacterial and plant-based nanocellulose, lignin, chitosan, alginate, gelatin, collagen, keratin, and polylactic acid (PLA), are used for functions like anti-microbial, flame retardant, UV protective, and antioxidant properties. These biopolymers are also applied in tissue engineering, drug delivery, wound healing, and cosmetics as eco-friendly, biodegradable alternatives to petroleum-based materials.
纺织品被用于各种可穿戴和技术应用中，这些应用需要多种多样的特性。功能化是指赋予新特性的过程，如阻燃性、抗菌效果、紫外线防护和疏水性。纺织工业正在从合成聚合物转向环保型生物聚合物，生物聚合物具有生物可降解性和可持续性，能减少对环境的影响。基于生物聚合物的整理剂在提高性能的同时更安全、更环保，有助于实现全球可持续发展目标。本综述重点关注用于纺织品功能化的生物聚合物及其在药物递送和组织工程等先进医学应用中的潜力。常见的生物聚合物来源包括植物、微生物和动物等可再生资源。著名的生物聚合物，如细菌和植物基纳米纤维素、木质素、壳聚糖、藻酸盐、明胶、胶原蛋白、角蛋白和聚乳酸（PLA），被用于抗菌、阻燃、紫外线防护和抗氧化等功能。这些生物聚合物还作为石油基材料的环保、可生物降解替代品应用于组织工程、药物递送、伤口愈合和化妆品领域。
