Zhou Heng, Zhang Qiqi, Liu Fangfang, Cao Wenxin, Li Yao, Wan Yingxiu
Crop Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Anhui Key Laboratory of Crop Quality Improvement, Hefei, 230031, Anhui, China.
School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on South Yellow & Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 Mar 4;15(1):7609. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-90314-7.
Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) of wheat will significantly reduce the yield and quality of wheat and threaten the safety of wheat production in China. Screening and utilization of resistant germplasm and functional molecular markers is the fundamental way to reduce the harm of PHS. In this study, 238 high generation lines were used to identify and evaluate PHS resistance by grain germination method, and the distribution of PHS function markers Vp1B3, myb10-D, PM19-A1 and MFT-A2 in resistant germplasm was determined and their breeding effects were evaluated. Phenotypic identification showed that there were significant differences in the relative seed germination index (RSGI) of 238 wheat germplasm resources. The RSGI ranged from 0.03 to 1, and the average RSGI was 0.31. The difference significance analysis showed that the RSGI of the alleles of functional markers Vp1B3, PM19-A1 and MFT-A2 were significantly different, suggesting that Vp1B3, PM19-A1 and MFT-A2 could be used for detection of PHS resistance genotypes and marker-assisted breeding. Based on the phenotype and genotype results, three red wheat materials with high PHS resistance (23JD392, 23JD393 and 23JD481) and four white wheat materials with high PHS resistance (23JD025, 23JD085, 23JD541 and 23JD655) were selected. At the same time, the high resistance materials 23JD392 and 23JD393 which amplified TaVp-1Bc/TaPM19-A1a/TaMFT-A2a had the lowest RSGI. These results can be used for genetic breeding and layout of wheat varieties resistant to PHS, indicating that resistance can be significantly improved by using functional markers. This study combined molecular markers and phenotypic identification to screen anti-PHS materials, which is expected to improve the level of wheat PHS resistance.
小麦收获前发芽（PHS）会显著降低小麦的产量和品质，威胁我国小麦生产安全。筛选和利用抗性种质及功能分子标记是减轻PHS危害的根本途径。本研究利用238个高世代品系通过籽粒发芽法对PHS抗性进行鉴定和评价，测定了PHS功能标记Vp1B3、myb10-D、PM19-A1和MFT-A2在抗性种质中的分布并评估其育种效应。表型鉴定表明，238份小麦种质资源的相对种子发芽指数（RSGI）存在显著差异。RSGI范围为0.03至1，平均RSGI为0.31。差异显著性分析表明，功能标记Vp1B3、PM19-A1和MFT-A2等位基因的RSGI差异显著，表明Vp1B3、PM19-A1和MFT-A2可用于检测PHS抗性基因型和分子标记辅助育种。基于表型和基因型结果，筛选出3份高抗PHS的红粒小麦材料（23JD392、23JD393和23JD481）和4份高抗PHS的白粒小麦材料（23JD025、23JD085、23JD541和23JD655）。同时，扩增出TaVp-1Bc/TaPM19-A1a/TaMFT-A2a的高抗材料23JD392和23JD393的RSGI最低。这些结果可用于小麦抗PHS品种的遗传育种和布局，表明利用功能标记可显著提高抗性。本研究结合分子标记和表型鉴定筛选抗PHS材料，有望提高小麦抗PHS水平。
