Lu Shuwen, Li Haoyu, Yang Xirui, Ma Chao, Li Xian
Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China.
Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2025 Feb 28;18:691-702. doi: 10.2147/RMHP.S505657. eCollection 2025.
Ocular trauma is a visually and economically devastating cause of visual loss. This study investigated the prevalence and clinical characteristics of ocular trauma in central and northern China, and assessed prognostic factors.
Cases of ocular trauma that underwent surgical treatment in a tertiary hospital in China between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2023, were reviewed. All patient data were collected, including demographic information, type of injury, cause of injury, overall condition, number of surgeries, structural damage, surgical complications, and initial and final visual acuity (VA). We constructed three models to explore the prognostic factors of final VA: linear regression, regression tree, and random forest.
Over 12 years, 1019 patients (1019 eyes) with ocular trauma underwent surgery, of which 836 were open globe injuries. Patients were predominantly male (80.8%), with an average age of 31.1 years. The most at-risk age group was 41-50 years old. Farmers (33.3%) and students (20.9%) were the most common occupations. The most frequent complication was vitreous hemorrhage (95.7%). Most patients required three surgeries (42.2%). During vitrectomy, proliferative vitreoretinopathy and elevated intraocular pressure were observed in 735 patients (72.1%). The final VA ranged from 0 to 3.00 logMAR with a mean of 1.10±0.43 logMAR. Among the three models, the random forest performed the best. Ocular structural damage and surgical complications, along with the number of surgeries, were important factors affecting the visual prognosis.
Individuals at high risk should be given extra care, as traumatic and surgical complications are the main prognostic factors.
眼外伤是导致视力丧失的一个在视觉和经济方面具有破坏性的原因。本研究调查了中国中部和北部眼外伤的患病率及临床特征，并评估了预后因素。
回顾了2012年1月1日至2023年12月31日期间在中国一家三级医院接受手术治疗的眼外伤病例。收集了所有患者的数据，包括人口统计学信息、损伤类型、损伤原因、整体状况、手术次数、结构损伤、手术并发症以及初始和最终视力（VA）。我们构建了三个模型来探索最终视力的预后因素：线性回归、回归树和随机森林。
在12年期间，1019例（1019只眼）眼外伤患者接受了手术，其中836例为开放性眼球损伤。患者以男性为主（80.8%），平均年龄为31.1岁。风险最高的年龄组为41 - 50岁。农民（33.3%）和学生（20.9%）是最常见的职业。最常见的并发症是玻璃体出血（95.7%）。大多数患者需要进行三次手术（42.2%）。在玻璃体切除术中，735例患者（72.1%）观察到增殖性玻璃体视网膜病变和眼压升高。最终视力范围为0至3.00 logMAR，平均为1.10±0.43 logMAR。在这三个模型中，随机森林表现最佳。眼部结构损伤、手术并发症以及手术次数是影响视觉预后的重要因素。
高危个体应给予额外关注，因为外伤和手术并发症是主要的预后因素。
