Hashemi Alireza, Khabazkhoob Mehdi, Mehri Ahmad, Yekta Abbasali, Mortazavi Abolghasem, Hashemi Hassan
Noor Ophthalmology Research Center, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Basic Sciences, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
J Curr Ophthalmol. 2023 Aug 11;35(1):79-85. doi: 10.4103/joco.joco_53_23. eCollection 2023 Jan-Mar.
To determine the prevalence of different types of ocular trauma and their relationship with some factors in the elderly population.
The present population-based cross-sectional study was conducted on the elderly population aged 60 years and above in Tehran, Iran, using multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling in 2019. After selecting the samples and their participation in the study, demographic information and history of ocular trauma were obtained through an interview. Psychological evaluation was performed using the Goldberg's 28-question General Health Questionnaire. All study participants underwent optometric and ophthalmological examinations.
Three thousand three hundred and ten people participated in the study (response rate: 87.3%). Of these, 1912 individuals (57.8%) were female and the mean age of individuals was 68.25 ± 6.55 (from 60 to 97) years. 7.46% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.51-8.41) of the study participants reported a history of ocular trauma. Blunt and chemical traumas were the most and the least common types of ocular trauma, respectively (5.72% and 0.16%). 3.93% of cases visited an ophthalmologist for ocular trauma, 1.67% reported a history of hospitalization, and 1.47% underwent surgery. The prevalence of visual impairment in individuals with a history of ocular trauma was 12.53%. Visual impairment was more prevalent in people with a history of ocular trauma than those without a history of ocular trauma ( < 0.05). History of ocular trauma was only significantly related to low education level (odds ratio = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.40-0.99). Participants with a history of ocular trauma had more anxiety and higher mean psychological distress score than those without a history of ocular trauma ( = 0.035).
The development of preventive programs against the occurrence of ocular trauma can play an important role in reducing the psychological damage of affected patients while reducing visual disorders. These interventions should be especially considered in groups with a lower education level.
确定老年人群中不同类型眼外伤的患病率及其与某些因素的关系。
2019年在伊朗德黑兰对60岁及以上的老年人群进行了这项基于人群的横断面研究，采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样。在选取样本并让其参与研究后，通过访谈获取人口统计学信息和眼外伤史。使用戈德堡28题一般健康问卷进行心理评估。所有研究参与者均接受了验光和眼科检查。
3310人参与了研究（应答率：87.3%）。其中，1912人（57.8%）为女性，个体的平均年龄为68.25±6.55（60至97）岁。7.46%（95%置信区间[CI]：6.51 - 8.41）的研究参与者报告有眼外伤史。钝挫伤和化学伤分别是最常见和最不常见的眼外伤类型（5.72%和0.16%）。3.93%的病例因眼外伤就诊于眼科医生，1.67%报告有住院史，1.47%接受了手术。有眼外伤史的个体中视力损害的患病率为12.53%。有眼外伤史的人群中视力损害比无眼外伤史的人群更普遍（<0.05）。眼外伤史仅与低教育水平显著相关（优势比=0.63，95%CI = 0.40 - 0.99）。有眼外伤史的参与者比无眼外伤史的参与者有更多焦虑且平均心理困扰得分更高（=0.035）。
制定预防眼外伤发生的项目在减少受影响患者的心理损害同时减少视力障碍方面可发挥重要作用。这些干预措施应特别考虑针对教育水平较低的群体。
