疼痛管理、康复及运动表现中治疗干预措施使用的共识：一项德尔菲研究
Consensus on the Use of Therapeutic Interventions in Pain Management, Recovery, and Athletic Performance: A Delphi Study.
作者信息
McLagan Bailey, Silvey Kyle, Roberts Timothy, Erceg David, Sum Jonathan C, Schroeder E Todd
机构信息
Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy University of Southern California.
Therabody Inc.
出版信息
Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2025 Mar 1;20(3):420-428. doi: 10.26603/001c.129968. eCollection 2025.
BACKGROUND
Therapeutic interventions are widely used in clinical practice to prepare individuals for movement, recover from exercise, and mediate pain and inflammation associated with injury. However, there has yet to be cited consensus regarding when to use such interventions.
PURPOSE
Using the Delphi method, this study aimed to develop consensus among physical therapists (PTs) and athletic trainers (ATs) regarding the use of percussive, vibration, infrared, heat, and cryotherapy in a variety of treatment circumstances. These included preparation and recovery from physical activity, treatment of acute and chronic joint pain, and treatment of acute and chronic soft tissue/muscle pain.
METHODS
Four rounds of surveys were delivered to individuals who were licensed or certified PTs/ATs, with more than 1,000 hours of experience working with athletic populations and experience using at least one of the interventions of interest in the prior five years. Consensus was defined as a greater than 70% agreement, and consideration for use was defined as selecting "In Some Instances'' and"In Most Instances."
RESULTS
Ninety-four individuals responded to the screening survey (n = 74, n = 68, n = 44, n = 32). The individuals who participated agreed that they would consider using the following therapeutic interventions in treatment: 1) percussive therapy, local vibration, and local heat therapy in the preparation for physical activity; 2) local cryotherapy in recovery from physical activity; 3) local cryotherapy for the treatment of acute joint pain and acute soft tissue/muscle pain; 4) local heat and local cryotherapy for the treatment of chronic joint pain; and 5) percussive, local vibration, local heat, and local cryotherapy in the treatment of chronic soft tissue/muscle pain.
CONCLUSION
Clinical intervention often relies on patient presentation and preference. This study provides a consensus on the use of common therapeutic interventions for the management of athletic recovery, pain, and inflammation among ATs and PTs.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
背景
治疗性干预措施在临床实践中被广泛应用，用于帮助个体为运动做准备、从运动中恢复，以及缓解与损伤相关的疼痛和炎症。然而，关于何时使用此类干预措施，尚未有一致的定论。
目的
本研究采用德尔菲法，旨在就物理治疗师（PT）和运动训练师（AT）在各种治疗情况下使用冲击疗法、振动疗法、红外线疗法、热疗和冷冻疗法达成共识。这些情况包括体育活动的准备和恢复、急慢性关节疼痛的治疗，以及急慢性软组织/肌肉疼痛的治疗。
方法
对拥有执照或认证的PT/AT进行四轮调查，这些人拥有超过1000小时与运动员群体合作的经验，且在过去五年中至少使用过一种感兴趣的干预措施。共识被定义为超过70%的一致意见，考虑使用被定义为选择“在某些情况下”和“在大多数情况下”。
结果
94人回复了筛查调查（n = 74，n = 68，n = 44，n = 32）。参与调查的人员一致认为，他们会考虑在治疗中使用以下治疗性干预措施：1）体育活动准备阶段使用冲击疗法、局部振动疗法和局部热疗法；2）体育活动恢复阶段使用局部冷冻疗法；3）急性关节疼痛和急性软组织/肌肉疼痛的治疗使用局部冷冻疗法；4）慢性关节疼痛的治疗使用局部热疗和局部冷冻疗法；5）慢性软组织/肌肉疼痛的治疗使用冲击疗法、局部振动疗法、局部热疗法和局部冷冻疗法。
结论
临床干预通常依赖于患者的表现和偏好。本研究为AT和PT在运动恢复、疼痛和炎症管理中使用常见治疗性干预措施提供了共识。
证据水平
3级。
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