Hamson-Utley J Jordan, Martin Scott, Walters Jason
Weber State University, Ogden, UT, USA.
J Athl Train. 2008 May-Jun;43(3):258-64. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-43.3.258.
Psychological skills are alleged to augment sport-injury rehabilitation; however, implementation of mental imagery within rehabilitation programs is limited.
To examine attitudes of athletic trainers (ATs) and physical therapists (PTs) on the effectiveness of mental imagery, goal setting, and positive self-talk to improve rehabilitation adherence and recovery speed of injured athletes.
The ATs and PTs were contacted via electronic or physical mailings to complete a single administration survey that measured their beliefs about the effectiveness of psychological skills for increasing adherence and recovery speed of injured athletes undergoing rehabilitation.
Professional member databases of the National Athletic Trainers' Association and the American Physical Therapy Association.
Of the 1000 ATs and 1000 PTs who were selected randomly, 309 ATs (age = 34.18 +/- 8.32 years, years in profession = 10.67 +/- 7.34) and 356 PTs (age = 38.58 +/- 7.51 years, years in profession = 13.18 +/- 6.17) responded.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The Attitudes About Imagery (AAI) survey measures attitudes about psychological skills for enhancing adherence and recovery speed of injured athletes. The AAI includes demographic questions and 15 items on a 7-point Likert scale measuring attitudes about the effectiveness of mental imagery, self-talk, goal setting, and pain control on rehabilitation adherence and recovery speed of injured athletes. Test-retest reliability ranged from .60 to .84 and Cronbach alphas ranged from .65 to .90. We calculated 1-way analyses of variance to determine whether differences existed in attitudes as a result of the professionals' education, training experience, and interest.
Mean differences were found on attitudes about effectiveness of psychological skills for those who reported formal training and those who reported interest in receiving formal training (P < .05). In addition, ATs held more positive attitudes than PTs on 9 of 15 AAI items (P < .05).
Overall, ATs and PTs held positive attitudes on the effectiveness of psychological skills to augment the rehabilitation process. Clinical implications regarding the use of mental skills are discussed.
心理技能据称可增强运动损伤康复效果；然而，康复计划中心理意象的应用有限。
探讨运动训练师（AT）和物理治疗师（PT）对心理意象、目标设定和积极的自我对话在提高受伤运动员康复依从性和恢复速度方面有效性的态度。
通过电子邮件或邮寄方式联系AT和PT，以完成一项单轮调查，该调查测量了他们对心理技能在提高接受康复治疗的受伤运动员依从性和恢复速度方面有效性的看法。
美国国家运动训练师协会和美国物理治疗协会的专业会员数据库。
在随机抽取的1000名AT和1000名PT中，309名AT（年龄=34.18±8.32岁，职业年限=10.67±7.34年）和356名PT（年龄=38.58±7.51岁，职业年限=13.18±6.17年）做出了回应。
意象态度（AAI）调查测量对心理技能在提高受伤运动员依从性和恢复速度方面的态度。AAI包括人口统计学问题以及15个7点李克特量表项目，测量对心理意象、自我对话、目标设定和疼痛控制在受伤运动员康复依从性和恢复速度方面有效性的态度。重测信度在0.60至0.84之间，克朗巴哈系数在0.65至0.90之间。我们进行了单向方差分析，以确定由于专业人员的教育、培训经验和兴趣不同，态度是否存在差异。
报告接受过正规培训的人员与报告有兴趣接受正规培训的人员在心理技能有效性态度上存在显著差异（P<0.05）。此外，在AAI的15个项目中，有9个项目AT的态度比PT更积极（P<0.05）。
总体而言，AT和PT对心理技能在增强康复过程中的有效性持积极态度。讨论了心理技能使用的临床意义。
