Lemmens An-Sofie, Huysentruyt Koen, Vandenplas Yvan
Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, UZ Brussels, KidZ Health Castle, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090, Brussels, Belgium.
Department of Pediatrics, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg (ZOL), Genk, Belgium.
Eur J Pediatr. 2025 Mar 5;184(3):227. doi: 10.1007/s00431-025-06058-z.
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) represent a class of drugs most prominently known for their use in acid-related disorders. Omeprazole, a drug belonging to this class, is among the top 10 most prescribed drugs in the USA. PPIs have a direct effect on the gastric pH and therefore on the gastric mucosa. This review aims to present the most common adverse effects PPIs have on the gastric mucosa in particular.
PPIs affect the composition of gut and gastric microbiota and will eventually modulate the immune response.
• Proton-pump inhibitors are amonth the most frequent prescirbed drugs becasue of their well demonstrated efficacy in acid-related disorders. • Because of their mode of action and their metabolism, a large spectrum of adversee effects have been reported.
• Although the well-known success of PPIs in the wide spectrum of all acid-related conditions should not refrain health care professionals to use them when indicated, insufficient attention is given to the multiple adverse effects reported for this class of drugs. • Well designed prospective trials collecting adverse effects are required, since most studies reporting adverse effects are retrospective, are biassed and have methodological issues.
质子泵抑制剂（PPIs）是一类最为人熟知的用于治疗酸相关疾病的药物。奥美拉唑属于此类药物，是美国处方量最高的十大药物之一。PPIs对胃pH值有直接影响，进而对胃黏膜产生影响。本综述旨在特别介绍PPIs对胃黏膜最常见的不良反应。
PPIs会影响肠道和胃微生物群的组成，并最终调节免疫反应。
• 质子泵抑制剂因其在酸相关疾病中已得到充分证实的疗效，是最常被处方的药物之一。• 由于其作用方式和代谢途径，已报道了广泛的不良反应。
• 尽管PPIs在各种酸相关疾病中取得了众所周知的成功，但在有指征时，医疗保健专业人员不应因此而不使用它们，然而，这类药物所报告的多种不良反应却未得到足够重视。• 需要设计良好的前瞻性试验来收集不良反应，因为大多数报告不良反应的研究都是回顾性的，存在偏差且有方法学问题。
