Kumar Anil, Maithani Rajesh, Sharma Sachin, Srivastav Ayushman, Alam Tabish, Haque Siddiqui Md Irfanul, Dobrotă Dan, Cofaru Nicolae-Florin, Ashraf Intesaaf
School of Advanced Engineering, UPES, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.
Architecture, Planning and Energy Efficiency, CSIR-Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee, 247667, India.
Sci Rep. 2025 Mar 5;15(1):7728. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-92303-2.
This study presents a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of heat transfer and pressure drop in a straight slot impingement jet, utilizing [Formula: see text] nanofluid within a square duct. The working fluid comprises [Formula: see text] nanoparticles (diameter d = 25 nm) suspended in water at a volume fraction (ϕ) of 2.5%. The investigation of different values of Reynolds numbers (Re) from 8,000 to 17,000, with variations in different geometrical parameters such as slot jet height ratio ([Formula: see text]: 0.3-0.6), spanwise pitch ratio ([Formula: see text]: 0.18-0.45), and streamwise pitch ratio ([Formula: see text]: 0.88-1.30). Three-dimensional numerical simulations are conducted using the ANSYS CFD module, incorporating the RNG k-ε turbulence model to solve governing equations in a turbulent regime. The CFD results show strong agreement with both the experimental results and empirical correlations results with similar geometrical configurations and flow conditions for a plain-wall square duct. The deviations are around 6% for the Nusselt number ([Formula: see text]) and 3% for the friction factor ([Formula: see text]), demonstrating the reliability of the CFD model. The [Formula: see text] nanofluid exhibits a notable enhancement in heat transfer performance compared to pure water. Variations in [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] significantly influence [Formula: see text], with the optimal configuration ([Formula: see text] = 0.5, [Formula: see text] = 0.3, [Formula: see text] = 0.97) yielding the highest heat transfer enhancement across most Reynolds numbers. The thermohydraulic performance parameter (THPP) ranges from 0.97 to 1.04, reaching its peak at Re = 8,000 for [Formula: see text]= 0.5, [Formula: see text] = 0.3, [Formula: see text]= 0.97. These findings highlight the potential of impingement jet cooling with nanofluids for thermal management in industrial applications, offering enhanced heat transfer efficiency through direct fluid impact on target surfaces.
本研究利用方管内的[公式:见正文]纳米流体,对方形直槽冲击射流中的传热和压降进行了计算流体动力学(CFD)分析。工作流体由直径d = 25 nm的[公式:见正文]纳米颗粒悬浮在水中组成,体积分数(ϕ)为2.5%。研究了雷诺数(Re)从8000到17000的不同值,以及不同几何参数的变化,如槽射流高度比([公式:见正文]:0.3 - 0.6)、展向间距比([公式:见正文]:0.18 - 0.45)和流向间距比([公式:见正文]:0.88 - 1.30)。使用ANSYS CFD模块进行三维数值模拟,采用RNG k-ε湍流模型求解湍流状态下的控制方程。CFD结果与具有相似几何构型和流动条件的平壁方管的实验结果和经验关联结果高度吻合。努塞尔数([公式:见正文])的偏差约为6%,摩擦系数([公式:见正文])的偏差约为3%,证明了CFD模型的可靠性。与纯水相比,[公式:见正文]纳米流体的传热性能有显著提高。[公式:见正文]、[公式:见正文]和[公式:见正文]的变化对[公式:见正文]有显著影响,最佳构型([公式:见正文]= 0.5,[公式:见正文]= 0.3,[公式:见正文]= 0.97)在大多数雷诺数下产生最高的传热增强效果。热工水力性能参数(THPP)范围为0.97至1.04,对于[公式:见正文]= 0.5,[公式:见正文]= 0.3,[公式:见正文]= 0.97,在Re = 8000时达到峰值。这些发现突出了纳米流体冲击射流冷却在工业应用热管理中的潜力,通过流体直接冲击目标表面提供了更高的传热效率。