Li Yi-Lan, Yuan Hui-Ming, Cao Jing-Tian, Zheng Yi-di, Li Lan, Gao Pei-Feng
Analysis and Testing Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 102488, China.
CAS Key Laboratoryof Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
Se Pu. 2025 Mar;43(3):275-282. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1123.2024.07009.
Open experiments play crucial roles in developing undergraduate students' practical abilities, innovative thinking, and teamwork. This open experiment is designed to use ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) in proteomics, a frontier field, by quantitatively analyzing thyroid-cancer-tissue-slice samples. Various reagents are first screened for further study by evaluating their abilities to extract proteins. This approach aims to foster students' hands-on abilities and their scientific-research thinking. The liquid-chromatography method is subsequently optimized to enable deep-coverage of the proteome, thereby enhancing students' understanding of liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Paraffin-embedded thyroid-cancer-tissue slices are finally subjected to quantitative proteomic analysis, resulting in the identification of 33 differentially expressed proteins, thereby demonstrating their potential use in disease-typing applications. This open experiment integrates theoretical and experimental knowledge gained through instrumental analysis, analytical chemistry, and biochemistry, thereby imparting scientific research thinking and innovative spirit to undergraduates. It also provides students with opportunities to expand and solidify theoretical knowledge through hands-on instrumental operation and experiments, which helps to build a systematic knowledge framework and develop a comprehensive understanding of relevant fields. Moreover, it stimulates undergraduate interest in scientific research, cultivates innovative thinking, and fosters team cooperation.
开放性实验在培养本科生实践能力、创新思维和团队合作方面发挥着至关重要的作用。本次开放性实验旨在通过对甲状腺癌组织切片样本进行定量分析，在蛋白质组学这一前沿领域中运用超高效液相色谱 - 串联质谱法（UHPLC-MS/MS）。首先通过评估各种试剂提取蛋白质的能力来筛选用于进一步研究的试剂。这种方法旨在培养学生的动手能力和科研思维。随后对液相色谱方法进行优化，以实现对蛋白质组的深度覆盖，从而加深学生对液相色谱和质谱的理解。最后对石蜡包埋的甲状腺癌组织切片进行定量蛋白质组学分析，鉴定出33种差异表达蛋白，从而证明其在疾病分型应用中的潜在用途。本次开放性实验整合了通过仪器分析、分析化学和生物化学所学的理论与实验知识，从而向本科生传授科研思维和创新精神。它还为学生提供了通过实际仪器操作和实验来拓展和巩固理论知识的机会，这有助于构建系统的知识框架并培养对相关领域的全面理解。此外，它激发了本科生对科研的兴趣，培养了创新思维，并促进了团队合作。
