Goralogia Greg S, Willig Chris, Strauss Steven H
Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331, USA.
Plant J. 2025 Mar;121(5):e70015. doi: 10.1111/tpj.70015.
Outside of a few model systems and selected taxa, the insertion of transgenes and regeneration of modified plants are difficult or impossible. This is a major bottleneck both for biotechnology and scientific research with many important species. Agrobacterium-mediated transformation (AMT) remains the most common approach to insert DNA into plant cells, and is also an important means to stimulate regeneration of organized tissues. However, the strains and transformation methods available today have been largely unchanged since the 1990s. New sources of Agrobacterium germplasm and associated genomic information are available for hundreds of wild strains in public repositories, providing new opportunities for research. Many of these strains contain novel gene variants or arrangements of genes in their T-DNA, potentially providing new tools for strain enhancement. There are also several new techniques for Agrobacterium modification, including base editing, CRISPR-associated transposases, and tailored recombineering, that make the process of domesticating wild strains more precise and efficient. We review the novel germplasm, genomic resources, and new methods available, which together should lead to a renaissance in Agrobacterium research and the generation of many new domesticated strains capable of promoting plant transformation and/or regeneration in diverse plant species.
除了少数模式系统和选定的分类群外，转基因的插入和改良植物的再生困难或无法实现。这对于许多重要物种的生物技术和科学研究而言都是一个主要瓶颈。农杆菌介导的转化（AMT）仍然是将DNA插入植物细胞最常用的方法，也是刺激有组织组织再生的重要手段。然而，自20世纪90年代以来，目前可用的菌株和转化方法在很大程度上没有改变。公共储存库中有数百种野生菌株的农杆菌种质新来源和相关基因组信息，为研究提供了新机会。这些菌株中的许多在其T-DNA中含有新的基因变体或基因排列，有可能为菌株改良提供新工具。还有几种用于农杆菌修饰的新技术，包括碱基编辑、CRISPR相关转座酶和定制重组工程，这些技术使野生菌株驯化过程更加精确和高效。我们综述了可用的新型种质、基因组资源和新方法，这些共同将带来农杆菌研究的复兴，并产生许多能够促进多种植物物种转化和/或再生的新驯化菌株。
