Wei Naicui, Hao Yuqiong, Tao Jinbo, Zhao Jiajia, Wu Bangbang, Qiao Ling, Li Xiaohua, Zheng Xingwei, Wang Juanling, Zheng Jun
Institute of Wheat Research, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture of Shanxi Province, Shanxi Agricultural University, Linfen, China.
College of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture (Co-construction by Ministry and Province) Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China.
Theor Appl Genet. 2025 Mar 7;138(3):66. doi: 10.1007/s00122-025-04847-6.
Several quantitative trait loci (QTL) and structural chromosome variations (SCVs) related to seedling root traits were identified using multiple methods, which provided valuable insights to assist breeding efforts in wheat. The root system of wheat affects water and fertilizer use efficiency, stress tolerance, and agronomic traits. Using association analysis and linkage mapping, QTL associated with 11 seedling-stage root traits were identified with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and SCVs under both hydroponic nutrient solution culture experiment (NCE) and vermiculite culture experiment (VCE). Except for maximum root length (MRL), the root traits of seedlings under NCE and VCE differed significantly. Root fresh weight (RFW) and root dry weight (RDW) were significantly correlated with most agronomic traits and grain yield. Identification of RFW and RDW by NCE might provide a reference basis for VCE. Co-localization analysis revealed that NCE and VCE simultaneously detected SNP-loci viz. QRdw.sxau-6A, QRd.sxau-1B.2, and QDw.sxau-6A (5.56-8.76% of R). The SCV-loci Mr1B-3, Mr3A-3 and Mr3A-4 were detected in both NCE and VCE (4.74-9.07% of R). Furthermore, QRdw.sxau-6A, QSfw.sxau-6A and QRd.sxau-4A were detected using the mixed linear model (MLM), 3 Variance-component multi-locus random-SNP-effect Mixed Linear Mode (3VmrMLM) and rrBLUP. In the association panel, SNPs and SCVs co-localized to 14 MTAs, of which Mr5A-6 and QRd.sxau-5A were significantly associated with root diameter (RD). The association panel and doubled haploid (DH) population co-located 10 QTL, of which QDw.sxau-1D was stably detected. Finally, QDw.sxau-6A and Mg6A-9 overlapped in same genomic location containing candidate genes TraesCS6A02G372300, TraesCS6A02G382900 and TraesCS6A02G365100. The present study contributes novel insights into the genetics of root architecture in wheat.
利用多种方法鉴定了几个与幼苗根系性状相关的数量性状位点（QTL）和染色体结构变异（SCV），这为小麦育种工作提供了有价值的见解。小麦的根系影响水分和肥料利用效率、抗逆性及农艺性状。通过关联分析和连锁作图，在水培营养液培养试验（NCE）和蛭石培养试验（VCE）条件下，利用单核苷酸多态性（SNP）和SCV鉴定了与11个幼苗期根系性状相关的QTL。除最大根长（MRL）外，NCE和VCE条件下幼苗的根系性状差异显著。根系鲜重（RFW）和根系干重（RDW）与大多数农艺性状和籽粒产量显著相关。通过NCE鉴定RFW和RDW可为VCE提供参考依据。共定位分析表明，NCE和VCE同时检测到SNP位点，即QRdw.sxau - 6A、QRd.sxau - 1B.2和QDw.sxau - 6A（占R的5.56 - 8.76%）。在NCE和VCE中均检测到SCV位点Mr1B - 3、Mr3A - 3和Mr3A - 4（占R的4.74 - 9.07%）。此外，利用混合线性模型（MLM）、3方差成分多位点随机SNP效应混合线性模型（3VmrMLM）和rrBLUP检测到QRdw.sxau - 6A、QSfw.sxau - 6A和QRd.sxau - 4A。在关联群体中，SNP和SCV共定位到14个标记-性状关联（MTA），其中Mr5A - 6和QRd.sxau - 5A与根直径（RD）显著相关。关联群体和双单倍体（DH）群体共定位到10个QTL，其中QDw.sxau - 1D被稳定检测到。最后，QDw.sxau - 6A和Mg6A - 9在同一基因组位置重叠，包含候选基因TraesCS6A02G372300、TraesCS6A02G382900和TraesCS6A02G365100。本研究为小麦根系结构的遗传学研究提供了新的见解。
