Saunders R L, Weider D
Brain. 1985 Jun;108 ( Pt 2):387-404. doi: 10.1093/brain/108.2.387.
Sensation from the tympanic membrane is generally believed to be mediated via at least four cranial nerves, some authors describing discrete territories for each of these nerves. The lack of critical evidence for independent sensory areas prompted a clinical study of tympanic membrane sensation in 32 patients having known cranial nerve deficits. Tympanic membrane sensation was tested in four quadrants using a 300 mg bristle under a Zeiss operating microscope. The findings were highly suggestive of a predominantly nociceptive system. Any change relative to the opposite tympanum was usually anaesthesia. No complete trigeminal deficit retained perception in all tympanic quadrants. Facial, glossopharyngeal and vagal deficits alone never affected tympanic sensation. These findings support the trigeminal nerve as the principal sensory nerve to the tympanic membrane, supplemented only inconstantly and incompletely by the other cranial nerves.
一般认为，鼓膜的感觉至少通过四条颅神经介导，一些作者描述了每条神经的不同分布区域。由于缺乏独立感觉区域的关键证据，因此对32例已知颅神经缺损的患者进行了鼓膜感觉的临床研究。在蔡司手术显微镜下，用一根300毫克的刷毛在鼓膜的四个象限测试感觉。研究结果强烈提示这主要是一个伤害性感受系统。与对侧鼓膜相比的任何变化通常都是感觉缺失。没有完全的三叉神经缺损能使所有鼓膜象限都保留感觉。单独的面神经、舌咽神经和迷走神经缺损从未影响鼓膜感觉。这些发现支持三叉神经是鼓膜的主要感觉神经，其他颅神经只是偶尔且不完全地起到补充作用。
