Syed Salman, Lachhar Garry G, Spall Fatimah, Konstantinidis Alexandros, Chu David
Internal Medicine, Northwell Health, New York City, USA.
Hematology and Oncology, Northwell Health, New York City, USA.
Cureus. 2025 Feb 7;17(2):e78681. doi: 10.7759/cureus.78681. eCollection 2025 Feb.
Leukocytosis, defined as an elevated white blood cell (WBC) count, can arise from physiological, infectious, neoplastic, or medication-related causes. While leukocytosis has been well-documented in conditions such as infections and malignancies, drug-induced leukocytosis is relatively rare, particularly in individuals undergoing gender transition therapies. Medroxyprogesterone, a progestin used in both fertility treatments and gender-affirming care, has been associated with hematologic changes, though its role in sustained leukocytosis remains underexplored. This case suggests a possible link between medroxyprogesterone and leukocytosis in gender-affirming therapy. It emphasizes the importance of thoroughly reviewing medication history to avoid unnecessary testing and procedures while highlighting the need for further research into the mechanism of progestin-induced hematologic changes.
白细胞增多症定义为白细胞（WBC）计数升高，可由生理、感染、肿瘤或药物相关原因引起。虽然在感染和恶性肿瘤等疾病中白细胞增多症已有充分记录，但药物性白细胞增多症相对罕见，尤其是在接受性别转换治疗的个体中。甲羟孕酮是一种用于生育治疗和性别肯定治疗的孕激素，与血液学变化有关，但其在持续性白细胞增多症中的作用仍未得到充分研究。本病例提示在性别肯定治疗中甲羟孕酮与白细胞增多症之间可能存在联系。它强调了全面回顾用药史以避免不必要的检查和程序的重要性，同时突出了对孕激素诱导血液学变化机制进行进一步研究的必要性。
