Zhang Xueting, Hao Shuwei
Department of Medical Psychology, School of Health Humanities, Peking University, 38, Xueyuan Rd., Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China.
Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol. 2025 Jun;53(6):969-981. doi: 10.1007/s10802-025-01307-z. Epub 2025 Mar 10.
This study aimed to develop and validate a measurement tool for General Anxiety Disorder (GAD) and explore the underlying mechanisms of anxiety. Study 1 developed the Generalized Anxiety Symptom Scale (GASS) based on the diagnostic criteria of GAD in ICD-11, and tested its reliability and validity among secondary vocational students. The results showed that GASS had excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.96), and unidimensional factor structure (81.60% variance explained). Criterion validity was supported by significant correlations with the GAD-7 (r = 0.69), and measurement invariance was confirmed across gender and over time. Based on three waves of longitudinal data, Study 2 explored the mechanisms underlying the effects of school climate, stress mindset, and self-compassion on anxiety among secondary vocational students. The results indicated that stress mindset played a partial mediating role between school climate and anxiety. Furthermore, moderated mediation analysis revealed that self-compassion moderated the relationship between stress mindset and anxiety. These findings demonstrate the robust psychometric properties of the GASS as a screening tool for GAD and highlight the interplay between environmental factors, such as school climate, and individual differences, such as self-compassion, in shaping anxiety outcomes, offering valuable insights for both assessment and intervention strategies.
本研究旨在开发并验证一种针对广泛性焦虑障碍（GAD）的测量工具，并探究焦虑的潜在机制。研究1基于国际疾病分类第11版（ICD - 11）中GAD的诊断标准开发了广泛性焦虑症状量表（GASS），并在中等职业学校学生中测试了其信效度。结果显示，GASS具有出色的内部一致性（克朗巴哈α系数 = 0.96）和单维因子结构（解释了81.60%的方差）。与广泛性焦虑障碍量表 - 7（GAD - 7）的显著相关性支持了效标效度（r = 0.69），并且证实了该量表在性别和时间上的测量不变性。基于三波纵向数据，研究2探究了学校氛围、应激心态和自我同情对中等职业学校学生焦虑影响的潜在机制。结果表明，应激心态在学校氛围和焦虑之间起部分中介作用。此外，调节中介分析表明，自我同情调节了应激心态与焦虑之间的关系。这些发现证明了GASS作为GAD筛查工具具有稳健的心理测量特性，并强调了环境因素（如学校氛围）和个体差异（如自我同情）在塑造焦虑结果中的相互作用，为评估和干预策略提供了有价值的见解。
