Liu Zehui, Zhou Mi, Li Danyang, Song Tao, Yue Xu, Lu Xiao, Zhao Yuanhong, Zhang Lin
Laboratory for Climate and Ocean-Atmosphere Studies, Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Institute for Data, Systems, and Society, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
Nat Commun. 2025 Mar 11;16(1):2429. doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-57548-5.
Substantial forestation-induced greening has occurred over South China, affecting the terrestrial carbon storage and atmospheric chemistry. However, these effects have not been systematically quantified due to complex biosphere-atmosphere interactions. Here we integrate satellite observations, forestry statistics, and an improved atmospheric chemistry model to investigate the impacts of forestation on both carbon storage and ozone air quality. We find that forestation alleviates surface ozone via enhanced dry deposition and suppressed turbulence mixing, outweighing the effect of enhanced biogenic emissions. The 2005-2019 greening mitigated the growing season mean surface ozone by 1.4 ± 2.3 ppbv, alleviated vegetation exposure by 15%-41% (depending on ozone metrics) in forests over South China, and increased Chinese forest carbon storage by 1.8 (1.6-2.1) Pg C. Future forestation may enhance carbon storage by 4.3 (3.8-4.8) Pg C and mitigate surface ozone over South China by 1.4 ± 1.2 ppbv in 2050. Air quality management should consider such co-benefits as forestation becomes necessary for carbon neutrality.
中国南方发生了大规模的造林绿化，影响了陆地碳储存和大气化学。然而，由于复杂的生物圈 - 大气相互作用，这些影响尚未得到系统量化。在此，我们整合卫星观测、林业统计数据和改进的大气化学模型，以研究造林对碳储存和臭氧空气质量的影响。我们发现，造林通过增强干沉降和抑制湍流混合来减轻地表臭氧，其效果超过了生物源排放增加的影响。2005 - 2019年的绿化使生长季平均地表臭氧浓度降低了1.4±2.3 ppbv，减轻了中国南方森林中植被15% - 41%（取决于臭氧指标）的暴露程度，并使中国森林碳储量增加了1.8（1.6 - 2.1）Pg C。到2050年，未来的造林可能会使碳储量增加4.3（3.8 - 4.8）Pg C，并使中国南方的地表臭氧浓度降低1.4±1.2 ppbv。随着造林成为实现碳中和的必要手段，空气质量管理应考虑到这些协同效益。
