Fendzi-Donfack Emmanuel, Fotoula Guy Romuald Tatsitsa, Jäntschi Lorentz, Fendzi Mbasso Wulfran, Tala-Tebue Eric, Nguenang Jean Pierre, Pradeep Jangir, Ghanshyam Tejani G, Kenfack-Jiotsa Aurelien, Smerat Aseel, Khishe Mohammad
Department of Physics, Nonlinear Physics and Complex Systems Group, The Higher Teacher's Training College, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 47, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Jadara University Research Center, Jadara University, Irbid, 21110, Jordan.
Sci Rep. 2025 Mar 11;15(1):8440. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-92195-2.
Nerve signal conduction, and particularly in myelinated nerve fibers, is a highly dynamic phenomenon that is affected by various biological and physical factors. The propagation of such moving electric signals may seemingly help elucidate the mechanisms underlying normal and abnormal functioning. This work aims to derive the exact physical wave solutions of the nonlinear partial differential equations with fractional beta-derivatives for the cases of transmission of nerve impulses in coupled nerves. To this end, the research uses a polynomial expansion approach to convert the problems of modeling nerve impulses into a second order elliptic nonlinear ordinary differential equation containing fractional beta-derivatives. Such transformation permits the study of solitary waves and their perturbation responses in the case of nerve fibers. The other direction of this study is applying the fixed-point theory to analyze the system dynamics and obtaining the Jacobian matrix to peruse the stability. Modulation instability regions are visualized, and nerve impulse waveforms are shown in three and two dimensions. The investigation depicts how impulse transmission amplitude and velocity are influenced by changing nerve fiber diameter and varying order physiological parameters. Soliton-like kink, anti-kink, and rogue wave solutions are revealed to explain nerve impulse propagation thoroughly. The analysis provides significant regions of equilibrium and modulational instability showing that the behavior of the nerve fibers is more dynamic than appreciated by most authors. Additionally, the authors suggest a refined mathematical formulation of the nerve impulse conduction with particular emphasis on the effect of fractional beta-derivatives on the transmission of waves. The obtained solutions and the graphs support their usefulness in various medical and biological industries, specifically the research on myelinated nerve fibers. The findings provide additional insights into the processes of nerve conduction which may be useful in the treatment of various diseases of the nervous system.
神经信号传导,尤其是在有髓神经纤维中,是一种高度动态的现象,受到各种生物和物理因素的影响。这种移动电信号的传播似乎有助于阐明正常和异常功能背后的机制。这项工作旨在推导具有分数β导数的非线性偏微分方程在耦合神经中神经冲动传输情况下的精确物理波解。为此,该研究采用多项式展开方法,将神经冲动建模问题转化为一个包含分数β导数的二阶椭圆非线性常微分方程。这种转换允许研究神经纤维情况下的孤立波及其微扰响应。本研究的另一个方向是应用不动点理论分析系统动力学,并获得雅可比矩阵以研究稳定性。可视化调制不稳定性区域,并以三维和二维形式展示神经冲动波形。该研究描述了神经纤维直径变化和生理参数阶数变化如何影响冲动传输幅度和速度。揭示了类孤子扭结、反扭结和 rogue 波解,以全面解释神经冲动传播。分析提供了显著的平衡和调制不稳定性区域,表明神经纤维的行为比大多数作者所认识到的更具动态性。此外,作者提出了一种精细的神经冲动传导数学公式,特别强调分数β导数对波传输的影响。所获得的解和图表支持了它们在各种医学和生物行业中的实用性,特别是在有髓神经纤维的研究中。这些发现为神经传导过程提供了更多见解,可能有助于治疗各种神经系统疾病。