Enebe Joseph Tochukwu, Enebe Nympha Onyinye, Onwujekwe Obinna E
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medicine, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Teaching Hospital, P.M.B. 1030, Parklane, Enugu, 400001, Nigeria.
Department of Community Medicine, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH), Enugu, PMB 01129, Nigeria.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2025 Mar 11;25(1):266. doi: 10.1186/s12884-025-07386-6.
Hepatitis B immunoprophylaxis reduces the rate of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus infection and has effectively reduced the global burden of the hepatitis B virus infection. However, the cost of hepatitis B immunoglobulin could be prohibitive hampering adequate utilization in pregnancy and childbirth. Cost may affect pregnant women's willingness to pay (WTP) for the immunoglobulin. The WTP for hepatitis B immunoglobulin has not been critically studied in Enugu, Nigeria. The objective of the study was to determine the willingness of pregnant women to pay for hepatitis B immunoglobulin and to identify the predictors of the level of WTP among pregnant women in Enugu, Nigeria.
A cross-sectional study that involved 379 pregnant women who were selected through a multi-stage sampling technique from the health facilities in Enugu between March and November 2019 was conducted. A structured pre-tested interviewer-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. The contingent valuation technique was utilized for eliciting values attached to hepatitis B immunoglobulin by the pregnant women while the bidding game technique was used to determine the maximum amounts the participants were willing to pay. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23. A p-value of 0.05 was regarded as significant.
Most respondents (86.2%) were willing to pay for the hepatitis B immunoglobulin. The mean maximum amount of WTP was ₦23178.34 (62.64 USD). The price of hepatitis B immunoglobulin (48.8%) was a major hindrance to WTP and 36.9% of the respondents believed that the government should pay for the vaccines. Predictors of the average WTP amount were the level of education (p = 0.038, AOR = 2.645 CI: 1.055-6.630), participants' husbands' occupation, and weekly expenditure on food items (P = 0.041; AOR = 3.828, CI: 1.055-13.893).
The rate of WTP for hepatitis B immunoglobulin was 86.2%, however, the mean WTP amount was far below the market value of hepatitis B immunoglobulin. The major hindrance to WTP was the cost of the vaccine as most participants believed that the vaccine should be administered freely and financed by the government and its agencies. The predictors of willingness to pay were the participant's level of education, husband's occupation and weekly expenditure on food.
Not applicable.
乙型肝炎免疫预防可降低乙肝病毒母婴传播率，并有效减轻全球乙肝病毒感染负担。然而，乙肝免疫球蛋白的成本可能过高，阻碍了其在妊娠和分娩期间的充分使用。成本可能会影响孕妇对免疫球蛋白的支付意愿（WTP）。在尼日利亚埃努古，尚未对乙肝免疫球蛋白的支付意愿进行深入研究。本研究的目的是确定尼日利亚埃努古孕妇对乙肝免疫球蛋白的支付意愿，并找出孕妇中支付意愿水平的预测因素。
采用多阶段抽样技术，从埃努古的医疗机构中选取了379名孕妇，于2019年3月至11月进行了一项横断面研究。使用经过预测试的结构化访谈问卷进行数据收集。采用条件估值技术来获取孕妇对乙肝免疫球蛋白的重视程度，同时使用投标博弈技术来确定参与者愿意支付的最高金额。使用SPSS 23版软件对数据进行分析。p值为0.05被视为具有统计学意义。
大多数受访者（86.2%）愿意为乙肝免疫球蛋白付费。支付意愿的平均最高金额为23178.34奈拉（62.64美元）。乙肝免疫球蛋白的价格（48.8%）是支付意愿的主要障碍，36.9%的受访者认为政府应为疫苗付费。支付意愿平均金额的预测因素包括教育程度（p = 0.038，调整后比值比[AOR]=2.645，置信区间[CI]：1.055 - 6.630）、参与者丈夫的职业以及食品每周支出（P = 0.041；AOR = 3.828，CI：1.055 - 13.893）。
乙肝免疫球蛋白的支付意愿率为86.2%，然而，支付意愿的平均金额远低于乙肝免疫球蛋白的市场价值。支付意愿的主要障碍是疫苗成本，因为大多数参与者认为疫苗应免费接种并由政府及其机构提供资金。支付意愿的预测因素是参与者的教育程度、丈夫的职业和食品每周支出。
不适用。
