Żabińska-Rejowska Ewa, Pilecki Maciej, Makara-Studzińska Marta, Lickiewicz Jakub, Plakhtyr Daria, Jankowiak Bartłomiej, Matusiak Feliks
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital, Krakow, Poland.
Klinika Psychiatrii i Psychoterapii Dzieci i Młodzieży, Katedra Psychiatrii, Uniwersytet Jagielloński Collegium Medicum, Krakow, Poland.
Postep Psychiatr Neurol. 2024 Dec;33(4):241-247. doi: 10.5114/ppn.2024.147101. Epub 2025 Feb 25.
The aim of the study was to analyse the incidence of aggressive behaviour in patients of an adolescent psychiatric ward towards medical and nursing personnel and to assess the usefulness of the tools used by the authors to describe the incident itself. Currently, Polish literature and practice lack such scales. The tool used in the study was the Polish version of the Staff Observation Aggression Scale-Revised (SOAS-R).
The study used the results of 71 questionnaires completed by the staff of the adolescent inpatient psychiatric ward after episodes of aggression in patients in the period from August 2015 to August 2019.
The most frequent object of aggression was medical and nursing personnel (57.8%), self-harm was less frequent (4.6%). Other patients (7.1%) or objects (16.2%) were relatively rarely the victims. The most common form of aggression was aggression using hands. It occurred in 80% of cases. It turned out that half of the aggressive behaviour using hands (punches, blows) took place between 2:00 p.m. and 8:30 p.m.
SOAS-R seems to be an effective tool in incident assessment both at the level of causes and, what seems most important, the consequences of aggressive behaviour. It can also be used to analyse staffing at particular times of the day, week, or even month. The phenomenon of aggression requires more precise, constant, and time-based observation which allows the implementation of appropriate procedures and the overcoming of many stereotypes related to aggressive behaviour and its impact on the relationship between the medical and nursing staff and the patient.
本研究的目的是分析青少年精神科病房患者对医护人员攻击行为的发生率，并评估作者用于描述事件本身的工具的有效性。目前，波兰的文献和实践中缺乏此类量表。本研究使用的工具是波兰语版的修订版工作人员观察攻击量表（SOAS-R）。
本研究采用了青少年住院精神科病房工作人员在2015年8月至2019年8月期间患者发生攻击事件后填写的71份问卷的结果。
攻击行为最常见的对象是医护人员（57.8%），自我伤害行为较少见（4.6%）。其他患者（7.1%）或物品（16.2%）相对较少成为受害者。最常见的攻击形式是用手攻击。这种情况发生在80%的案例中。结果发现，一半的用手攻击行为（拳打、殴打）发生在下午2点至晚上8点30分之间。
SOAS-R似乎是一种有效的工具，可用于在攻击行为的原因层面以及最重要的后果层面进行事件评估。它还可用于分析一天中、一周中甚至一个月中特定时间的人员配备情况。攻击行为现象需要更精确、持续且基于时间的观察，这有助于实施适当的程序，并克服许多与攻击行为及其对医护人员与患者关系的影响相关的刻板印象。
