Gaggini Melania, Sabatino Laura, Suman Adrian Florentin, Chatzianagnostou Kyriazoula, Vassalle Cristina
Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
Fondazione CNR-Regione Toscana G Monasterio, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
Cells. 2025 Mar 6;14(5):387. doi: 10.3390/cells14050387.
In recent years, new drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D) have been proposed, including glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) agonists or sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors. Over time, some of these agents (in particular, GLP-1 agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors), which were initially developed for their glucose-lowering actions, have demonstrated significant beneficial pleiotropic effects, thus expanding their potential therapeutic applications. This review aims to discuss the mechanisms, pleiotropic effects, and therapeutic potential of GLP-1, DPP-4, and SGLT2, with a particular focus on their cardiorenal benefits beyond glycemic control.
近年来，已提出了用于治疗2型糖尿病（T2D）的新药，包括胰高血糖素样肽1（GLP-1）激动剂、钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白2（SGLT2）抑制剂和二肽基肽酶-4（DPP-4）抑制剂。随着时间的推移，这些药物中的一些（特别是GLP-1激动剂和SGLT2抑制剂）最初是因其降血糖作用而开发的，但已显示出显著的有益多效性作用，从而扩大了它们的潜在治疗应用范围。本综述旨在讨论GLP-1、DPP-4和SGLT2的作用机制、多效性作用和治疗潜力，特别关注它们在血糖控制之外对心肾的益处。
