Ma Lulu, Cui Zhaowei, Wei Shuaishuai, Huo Jiaying, Dong Shijian, Li Shugang
Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education/ School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China; Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province/Key Laboratory for Animal Food Green Manufacturing and Resource Mining of Anhui Province, Hefei 230601, China.
Techlex Foods Co., Ltd., Mianyang 621100, China.
Poult Sci. 2025 Apr;104(4):104947. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2025.104947. Epub 2025 Feb 28.
Chick embryo eggs have a complete system of iron release, delivery, and uptake and thus provide a useful tool to study the fast transportation and absorption of iron. Based on this, the regulatory genes and pathways of iron transportation and uptake at the four key stages of chick embryo incubation, days 6, 9, 12, and 15 (E6, E9, E12, and E15), were investigated. Throughout these four key stages, the iron content decreased in egg yolk, increased in chick embryos, and first increased and then decreased in the yolk sac membrane (YSM) with the highest value of 110.38 mg/kg at E12. A total of 87,499 expressed genes were detected by transcriptome, where the specifically expressed genes at E6, E9, E12, and E15 were 312, 466, 280, and 185 respectively. Mineral absorption pathways involved in mineral uptake, transportation, utilization, and metabolism were significantly enriched in stages E9 to E15. The expression of divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) and ferritin heavy chain 1 (FTH1) related to iron transportation was up-regulated considerably from E9 to E12. Heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1), FTH1, Solute Carrier Family 40 Member 1 (SLC40A1), and hephaestin (HEPH) mainly responsible for the regulation of iron transportation and uptake were up-regulated from E12 to E15. Therefore, stage E9 to E12 was the crucial period for iron initiation and transportation, and DMT1 and FTH1 played an important role in regulating the initiation of iron transportation at the early stage of incubation.
鸡胚蛋具有完整的铁释放、运输和摄取系统，因此为研究铁的快速运输和吸收提供了一个有用的工具。基于此，研究了鸡胚孵化第6、9、12和15天（E6、E9、E12和E15）这四个关键阶段铁运输和摄取的调控基因及途径。在这四个关键阶段，蛋黄中铁含量下降，鸡胚中铁含量增加，卵黄囊膜（YSM）中铁含量先增加后下降，在E12时达到最高值110.38mg/kg。通过转录组共检测到87499个表达基因，其中E6、E9、E12和E15的特异性表达基因分别为312、466、280和185个。参与矿物质摄取、运输、利用和代谢的矿物质吸收途径在E9至E15阶段显著富集。与铁运输相关的二价金属转运体1（DMT1）和铁蛋白重链1（FTH1）的表达从E9到E12显著上调。主要负责铁运输和摄取调控的血红素加氧酶1（HMOX1）、FTH1、溶质载体家族40成员1（SLC40A1）和铁氧化还原蛋白（HEPH）从E12到E15上调。因此，E9至E12阶段是铁启动和运输的关键时期，DMT1和FTH1在孵化早期铁运输启动的调控中起重要作用。
