Ferdous Umme Tamanna, Nurdin Armania, Ismail Saila, Shaari Khozirah, Norhana Balia Yusof Zetty
Center for Biosystems and Machines (IRC-BSM), King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Laboratory of UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research (CANRES), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
J Genet Eng Biotechnol. 2025 Mar;23(1):100456. doi: 10.1016/j.jgeb.2024.100456. Epub 2025 Jan 22.
Despite having valuable and novel metabolites, the marine microalgae species are still not thoroughly investigated for their pharmaceutical and nutraceutical importance. Therefore, this study was focused on investigating the crude extracts of marine green microalgae species, Tetraselmis sp., Nannochloropsis sp., and diatoms Chaetoceros sp., and Thalassiosira sp., isolated from the Malaysian coastal region in terms of their antioxidant activity, total phenolics, total flavonoid contents and cytotoxicity against human breast cancer cells, MCF-7. Among twenty-eight crude extracts, Tetraselmis ethanol and ethyl acetate extract showed the highest amount of total phenolic (19.87 mg GAE/g), and total flavonoid content (38.58 mg QE/g of extract), respectively. From the antioxidant assays, methanol and ethyl acetate extract of Tetraselmis sp. exhibited significantly higher (p < 0.05) antioxidant activities, revealed through DPPH (54.41 ± 1.18 mg Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity or TEAC/g extract) and ABTS (41.57 ± 0.83 mg TEAC/g extract) radical scavenging activities, respectively than the rest. Ethyl acetate extract of Tetraselmis sp. also showed high ferric reducing power (113.46 ± 4.83 mg TEAC/g extract). On the contrary, methanol and ethyl acetate extract of Chaetoceros sp. showed the highest cytotoxicity towards MCF-7 and reduced the cell viability to 21.26 % and 21.56 %, respectively. The data suggest that marine diatom Chaetoceros sp. has a good cytotoxic effect on MCF-7, while marine green microalga Tetraselmis sp. has good radical scavenging and ferric reduction capabilities, warranting further investigation along with their metabolic profiling, cancer cell killing mechanism and extensive in vivo study.
尽管海洋微藻物种含有有价值的新型代谢物，但其在医药和营养保健品方面的重要性仍未得到充分研究。因此，本研究聚焦于调查从马来西亚沿海地区分离出的海洋绿色微藻物种四爿藻属（Tetraselmis sp.）、微拟球藻属（Nannochloropsis sp.）以及硅藻角毛藻属（Chaetoceros sp.）和海链藻属（Thalassiosira sp.）的粗提物，考察其抗氧化活性、总酚含量、总黄酮含量以及对人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7的细胞毒性。在28种粗提物中，四爿藻乙醇提取物和乙酸乙酯提取物的总酚含量最高（19.87毫克没食子酸当量/克），总黄酮含量分别最高（38.58毫克槲皮素当量/克提取物）。在抗氧化试验中，四爿藻属的甲醇提取物和乙酸乙酯提取物表现出显著更高（p < 0.05）的抗氧化活性，通过DPPH（54.41 ± 1.18毫克 Trolox 当量抗氧化能力或TEAC/克提取物）和ABTS（41.57 ± 0.83毫克TEAC/克提取物）自由基清除活性分别高于其他提取物。四爿藻属的乙酸乙酯提取物还显示出较高的铁还原能力（113.46 ± 4.83毫克TEAC/克提取物）。相反，角毛藻属的甲醇提取物和乙酸乙酯提取物对MCF-7表现出最高的细胞毒性，分别将细胞活力降低至21.26%和21.56%。数据表明，海洋硅藻角毛藻属对MCF-7具有良好的细胞毒性作用，而海洋绿色微藻四爿藻属具有良好的自由基清除和铁还原能力，需要进一步研究其代谢谱、癌细胞杀伤机制以及广泛深入的体内研究。
