Zeller U
Gegenbaurs Morphol Jahrb. 1985;131(2):179-204.
Studied the morphogenesis of the Fenestra rotunda and of the Aquaeductus cochleae in a series of 23 dated embryos and postnatal stages of Tupaia belangeri. The ontogeny of the Fenestra rotunda is the result of the caudal growth of the Processus recessus (DE BEER 1937). The Processus arises from the caudal ridge of the floor of the cochlear part of the otic capsule. On the 28th d of ontogeny (the gestation period of Tupaia belangeri is 43 d), it is fused with the lateral edge of the parachordal plate. On the 40th d, the Processus recessus joins the ventral surface of the canalicular part of the otic capsule, which develops a small cartilaginous process to meet it. In Tupaia, the Processus recessus is a large cartilaginous plate in a nearly horizontal position. It does not reach the plane of the Foramen perilymphaticum. The Processus recessus can be regarded as a part of the parachordal plate that was shifted laterally together with the Recessus scalae tympani by the enlargement of the cochlear part of the otic capsule in the ancestors of living mammals. The Processus forms the floor of the Aquaeductus cochleae, by which the laterally shifted Recessus scalae tympani of mammals remains connected with the cranial cavity. The Aquaeductus cochleae contains the Ductus perilymphaticus connecting the Cavum perilymphaticum of the inner ear with the Cavum leptomeningeum. The Fenestra rotunda of mammals is homologous with the lateral aperture of the Recessus scalae tympani of reptiles. In some mammals (e.g. Micropotamogale), the Membrana tympani secundaria spans the lateral aperture of the Recessus scalae tympani, as in many reptiles. Both the Membrana tympani secundaria of reptiles and that of mammals are homologous. Secondarily, in a large number of therian mammals (e.g. Myotis [Frick 1952]), the tympanic cavity extends into the Recessus scalae tympani displacing the Membrana tympani secundaria medially from the lateral aperture of the Recessus scalae tympani (= Fenestra rotunda of mammals) and even into the plane of the Foramen perilymphaticum. Thereby the Fossula fenestrae rotundae is formed, which in bounded medially by the Membrana tympani secundaria.
研究了树鼩23个不同发育阶段的胚胎及出生后阶段的圆窗和蜗水管的形态发生。圆窗的个体发育是隐窝突尾端生长的结果（德比尔，1937年）。隐窝突起源于耳囊蜗部底部的尾嵴。在个体发育的第28天（树鼩的妊娠期为43天），它与副索板的外侧边缘融合。在第40天，隐窝突与耳囊小管部的腹面相接，耳囊小管部会发育出一个小的软骨突起与之相接。在树鼩中，隐窝突是一个近乎水平位置的大软骨板。它未到达外淋巴孔平面。隐窝突可被视为副索板的一部分，在现存哺乳动物的祖先中，随着耳囊蜗部的扩大，它与鼓阶隐窝一起向外侧移位。隐窝突形成蜗水管的底部，通过它，哺乳动物向外侧移位的鼓阶隐窝与颅腔保持相连。蜗水管包含连接内耳外淋巴腔与软脑膜腔的外淋巴管。哺乳动物的圆窗与爬行动物鼓阶隐窝的外侧孔同源。在一些哺乳动物（如小水獭）中，第二鼓膜跨越鼓阶隐窝的外侧孔，就像在许多爬行动物中一样。爬行动物和哺乳动物的第二鼓膜是同源的。其次，在大量的有胎盘哺乳动物（如鼠耳蝠[弗里克，1952年]）中，鼓室延伸至鼓阶隐窝，将第二鼓膜从鼓阶隐窝的外侧孔（=哺乳动物的圆窗）向内侧推移，甚至推至外淋巴孔平面。由此形成了圆窗小凹，其内侧由第二鼓膜界定。
