Afshin Noshaba, Mushtaq Nadia, Ahmed Mushtaq, Badshah Saboor, Wazir Sultan Mehmood, Badshah Farhad, Sher Naila, Alkahtani Jawaher, Ercisli Sezai, Elshikh Mohamed S, Hussain Riaz, Huda Noor Ul, Hameed Hajra
Department of Botany, University of Science and Technology Bannu-KPK, Bannu, KPK, Pakistan.
Department of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology Bannu-KPK, Bannu, KPK, Pakistan.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2025 Mar 12. doi: 10.1007/s12011-025-04566-5.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a non-communicable, life-threatening syndrome prevalent worldwide. One effective treatment for DM is the medicinal use of green synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), which are eco-friendly and cost-effective. This study investigates the antidiabetic potential of greensynthesizedAgNPs derived from a polyherbal formulation (PHF). Characterization of PHF-AgNPs included UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, SEM, and EDX. Diabetes was induced in albino Wistar rats (N = 30, n = 6/group, 150-200 g, 8 weeks old) via intraperitoneal alloxan injection (150 mg). Groups are as follows: 1) untreated control, 2) diabetic control (150 mg/kg b.w. alloxan), 3) glibenclamide (0.5 mg/kg), 4) PHF-AgNPs (10 mg/kg), and 5) PHF-AgNPs (20 mg/kg). Blood glucose levels (BGL) were monitored on days 0, 7, 14, and 21. Blood samples were collected for the liver, kidney, and lipid profile analysis before euthanization. The results showed that PHF-AgNPs had an average size of 20 nm and exhibited significant reductions in BGL, with PHF-AgNPs at both 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg demonstrating superior effects compared to glibenclamide. Histopathological analysis revealed tissue regeneration in the liver, kidney, and pancreas, indicating healing of alloxan-induced damage. Additionally, treatment improved liver and kidney function markers, and lipid profiles, with reductions in cholesterol, triglycerides, ALT, AST, and creatinine levels compared to the diabetic control group. These findings suggest that green synthesized PHF-AgNPs effectively improved blood glucose control, body weight, and organ health, positioning them as a promising antidiabetic agent with potential for further clinical development.
糖尿病（DM）是一种在全球范围内普遍存在的非传染性、危及生命的综合征。糖尿病的一种有效治疗方法是药用绿色合成银纳米颗粒（AgNPs），其具有生态友好和成本效益高的特点。本研究调查了源自多草药配方（PHF）的绿色合成AgNPs的抗糖尿病潜力。PHF-AgNPs的表征包括紫外-可见光谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱、X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜和能谱分析。通过腹腔注射四氧嘧啶（150mg）诱导白化Wistar大鼠（N = 30，n = 6/组，体重150 - 200g，8周龄）患糖尿病。分组如下：1）未治疗对照组，2）糖尿病对照组（150mg/kg体重四氧嘧啶），3）格列本脲（0.5mg/kg），4）PHF-AgNPs（10mg/kg），5）PHF-AgNPs（20mg/kg）。在第0、7、14和21天监测血糖水平（BGL）。在安乐死之前采集血液样本用于肝脏、肾脏和血脂分析。结果表明，PHF-AgNPs的平均粒径为20nm，BGL显著降低，10mg/kg和20mg/kg的PHF-AgNPs均显示出比格列本脲更优的效果。组织病理学分析显示肝脏、肾脏和胰腺有组织再生，表明四氧嘧啶诱导的损伤得到愈合。此外，治疗改善了肝脏和肾脏功能指标以及血脂水平，与糖尿病对照组相比，胆固醇、甘油三酯、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶和肌酐水平降低。这些发现表明，绿色合成的PHF-AgNPs有效改善了血糖控制、体重和器官健康，使其成为一种有前景的抗糖尿病药物，具有进一步临床开发的潜力。
