Seid Mohammed, Aklilu Esayas, Negash Yohannes, H Alemayehu Dawit, Melaku Kalkidan, Mulu Andargachew, Animut Abebe
Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Department of Biology, College of Natural and Computational Science, Mattu University, Mattu, Ethiopia.
BMC Infect Dis. 2025 Mar 12;25(1):346. doi: 10.1186/s12879-025-10748-2.
Knowledge of Aedes species distribution, preference to feed on humans, and susceptibility to viruses is crucial in preventing transmission of Aedes-transmitted viruses. This study aimed to determine resting behavior, blood sources, and viral infection status of Aedes aegypti in Awash Sebat, Awash Arba, and Werer towns of Afar Region.
Adult mosquitoes were collected using a Prokopack aspirator between 8:00-14:00 and 15:00-18:00 h both indoor and outdoor of the house. The mosquitoes were sorted by sex, date of collection, collection places, and abdominal status and identified by species/genus using standard keys. Blood meal sources and dengue virus and chikungunya virus infection status of Ae. aegypti were determined using ELISA and RT-qPCR respectively.
A total of 2,745 adult mosquitoes comprising the genera Aedes (1433; 52.2%) Culex (1292; 47.1%) and Anopheles (20; 0.7%) were collected. The proportion of female Ae. aegypti in Awash Sebat (611; 36%) was highest as compared to females Ae. aegypti in Awash Arba (172; 33.8%), and in Werer (59; 11%). A higher proportion of outdoor resting of Ae. aegypti was caught from tyres rather than other indoor and outdoor locations (314; 37.29%) (X 27.374, df = 12; p = 0.007). Seasonal and monthly variation was observed in Ae. aegypti collection, where the wet season and the months of August 2022, September 2022, and October 2022 had high Ae aegypti density. The overall human blood and bovine blood indices of Ae. aegypti were 53/145 (36.6%) and 18/145 (12.4%), respectively. Furthermore, dengue and chikungunya viruses were not detected from the Ae. aegypti examined.
The majority of Ae. aegypti collections were made during the wet season from outdoor resting sites, particularly from tyres. Thus, outdoor targeted management of Ae. aegypti is recommended as a strategy particularly tyre removal during the wet season, to reduce resting and proliferation of Ae. aegypti and hence prevent the risks of Aedes-borne disease transmission.
了解伊蚊种类分布、对人类的叮咬偏好以及对病毒的易感性对于预防伊蚊传播病毒至关重要。本研究旨在确定阿法尔地区阿瓦什·塞巴特、阿瓦什·阿尔巴和韦勒尔镇埃及伊蚊的栖息行为、血源和病毒感染状况。
使用Prokopack吸虫器在8:00 - 14:00和15:00 - 18:00在房屋室内和室外收集成年蚊子。按性别、收集日期、收集地点和腹部状况对蚊子进行分类，并使用标准检索表按种类/属进行鉴定。分别使用酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）和逆转录定量聚合酶链反应（RT-qPCR）测定埃及伊蚊的血餐来源以及登革病毒和基孔肯雅病毒感染状况。
共收集到2745只成年蚊子，包括伊蚊属（1433只；52.2%）、库蚊属（1292只；47.1%）和按蚊属（20只；0.7%）。与阿瓦什·阿尔巴（172只；33.8%）和韦勒尔（59只；11%）的埃及伊蚊雌蚊相比，阿瓦什·塞巴特的埃及伊蚊雌蚊比例最高（611只；36%）。从轮胎中捕获的埃及伊蚊户外栖息比例高于其他室内和室外地点（314只；37.29%）（X² = 27.374，自由度 = 12；p = 0.007）。在埃及伊蚊收集过程中观察到季节性和月度变化，雨季以及2022年8月、2022年9月和2022年10月埃及伊蚊密度较高。埃及伊蚊的总体人血指数和牛血指数分别为53/145（36.6%）和18/145（12.4%）。此外，在所检测的埃及伊蚊中未检测到登革病毒和基孔肯雅病毒。
大多数埃及伊蚊是在雨季从室外栖息场所收集到的，特别是从轮胎中。因此，建议对埃及伊蚊进行户外针对性管理，特别是在雨季清除轮胎，以减少埃及伊蚊的栖息和繁殖，从而预防伊蚊传播疾病的风险。
