Sielczak Jan Karol, Krawczyk Maciej, Cudna Agnieszka, Kurkowska-Jastrzębska Iwona
Second Department of Neurology, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, 02-957 Warsaw, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Feb 23;26(5):1906. doi: 10.3390/ijms26051906.
MMP-9 and S100B, the proteins involved in blood-brain barrier integrity, are widely studied as biomarkers in many diseases, including epilepsy. They are elevated in epilepsy patients both interictally and following motor seizures. To determine whether motor activity influences their serum concentrations, we investigated the effects of brief, seizure-like physical exercise on serum MMP-9 and S100B levels in healthy individuals. Participants performed two different 5-min exercise protocols mimicking the motor activity of bilateral tonic-clonic seizures, one of the sets of exercises that contribute to to muscle failure. Serum samples were collected before exercise, 3 h after exercise, and the next day (time points 0, 3 h, and 24 h). Our results demonstrated that both sets of motor exercises led to a similar increase in MMP-9 levels, while neither affected S100B levels. No significant differences in MMP-9 levels were observed due to muscle failure. We suggest that the increase in MMP-9 seen after seizures is induced partially by peripheral mechanisms, such as muscle contraction. S100B appears to be a promising biomarker in epilepsy, as it is not induced by physical activity but does increase following seizures. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms underlying biomarker release in epilepsy and to determine the specific contributions of muscle contractions versus other seizure-related processes.
基质金属蛋白酶-9（MMP-9）和S100B是与血脑屏障完整性相关的蛋白质，作为生物标志物在包括癫痫在内的多种疾病中得到了广泛研究。在癫痫患者的发作间期和运动性发作后，它们的水平都会升高。为了确定运动活动是否会影响其血清浓度，我们研究了短暂的、类似癫痫发作的体育锻炼对健康个体血清MMP-9和S100B水平的影响。参与者进行了两种不同的5分钟运动方案，模拟双侧强直阵挛性发作的运动活动，这是导致肌肉疲劳的一组运动之一。在运动前、运动后3小时和第二天（时间点0、3小时和24小时）采集血清样本。我们的结果表明，两组运动都导致MMP-9水平出现类似的升高，而两组运动均未影响S100B水平。未观察到因肌肉疲劳导致MMP-9水平有显著差异。我们认为，癫痫发作后MMP-9水平的升高部分是由外周机制诱导的，如肌肉收缩。S100B似乎是癫痫中一种很有前景的生物标志物，因为它不会由体力活动诱导，但在癫痫发作后会升高。需要进一步研究以充分阐明癫痫中生物标志物释放的潜在机制，并确定肌肉收缩与其他癫痫相关过程的具体作用。
