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S100B 作为运动后脑损伤和血脑屏障破坏的标志物。

S100B as a marker for brain damage and blood-brain barrier disruption following exercise.

机构信息

Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore.

出版信息

Sports Med. 2014 Mar;44(3):369-85. doi: 10.1007/s40279-013-0119-9.

Abstract

BACKGROUND

S100B level in the blood has been used as a marker for brain damage and blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption. Elevations of S100B levels after exercise have been observed, suggesting that the BBB may be compromised during exercise. However, an increase in S100B levels may be confounded by other variables.

OBJECTIVES

The primary objective of this review was to compile findings on the relationship between S100B and exercise in order to determine if this protein is a valid marker for BBB disruptions during exercise. The secondary objective was to consolidate known factors causing S100B increases that may give rise to inaccurate interpretations of S100B levels.

DATA SOURCES AND STUDY SELECTION

PubMed, Web of Science and ScienceDirect were searched for relevant studies up to January 2013, in which S100B measurements were taken after a bout of exercise. Animal studies were excluded. Variables of interest such as the type of activity, exercise intensities, duration, detection methods, presence and extent of head trauma were examined and compiled.

RESULTS

This review included 23 studies; 15 (65 %) reported S100B increases after exercise, and among these, ten reported S100B increases regardless of intervention, while five reported increases in only some trials but not others. Eight (35 %) studies reported no increases in S100B levels across all trials. Most baseline S100B levels fall below 0.16 μg/L, with an increase in S100B levels of less than 0.07 μg/L following exercise. Factors that are likely to affect S100B levels include exercise intensity, and duration, presence and extent of head trauma. Several other probable factors influencing S100B elevations are muscle breakdown, level of training and oxidative stress, but current findings are still weak and inconclusive.

CONCLUSIONS

Elevated S100B levels have been recorded following exercise and are mostly attributed to either an increase in BBB permeability or trauma to the head. However, even in the absence of head trauma, it appears that the BBB may be compromised following exercise, with the severity dependent on exercise intensity.

摘要

背景

血液中的 S100B 水平已被用作脑损伤和血脑屏障 (BBB) 破坏的标志物。运动后 S100B 水平升高已被观察到,这表明 BBB 在运动过程中可能受损。然而,S100B 水平的升高可能会受到其他变量的影响。

目的

本综述的主要目的是整理 S100B 与运动之间关系的研究结果,以确定该蛋白是否是运动过程中 BBB 破坏的有效标志物。次要目的是综合已知的导致 S100B 升高的因素,这些因素可能导致对 S100B 水平的不准确解释。

数据来源和研究选择

检索了 PubMed、Web of Science 和 ScienceDirect 数据库,以获取截至 2013 年 1 月有关运动后 S100B 测量的研究,排除了动物研究。检查并综合了感兴趣的变量,如活动类型、运动强度、持续时间、检测方法、头部创伤的存在和程度。

结果

本综述包括 23 项研究;15 项(65%)研究报告运动后 S100B 升高,其中 10 项报告无论干预措施如何,S100B 均升高,而 5 项仅报告某些试验中升高,但其他试验中不升高。8 项(35%)研究报告所有试验中 S100B 水平均无升高。大多数基线 S100B 水平低于 0.16μg/L,运动后 S100B 水平升高低于 0.07μg/L。可能影响 S100B 水平的因素包括运动强度和持续时间、头部创伤的存在和程度。其他几个可能影响 S100B 升高的因素包括肌肉分解、训练水平和氧化应激,但目前的研究结果仍然较弱,没有定论。

结论

运动后记录到 S100B 水平升高,主要归因于 BBB 通透性增加或头部创伤。然而,即使没有头部创伤,运动后 BBB 似乎也可能受损,其严重程度取决于运动强度。

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