de Souza Ângela Maria Natal, Fernandes Dalila Pinto de Souza, Castro Isabella Silva, Gróla Fernanda Gaspar, Ribeiro Andréia Queiroz
Department of Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
University Restaurant, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Front Public Health. 2025 Feb 26;13:1539849. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1539849. eCollection 2025.
Sleep problems and frailty are associated with adverse health outcomes in older adults, including mortality, and constitute a major public health challenge.
This study investigated the association between sleep quality and duration and frailty in older adults, with emphasis on methods of evaluation.
This systematic review was guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and MetaAnalyses (PRISMA). The Embase, Medline (Pubmed) and Cochrane libraries were searched, with no time restrictions for publications.
Of the 17 studies included in this review, all published between 2009 and 2024, 13 were cross-sectional and only four were longitudinal. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Fried phenotype were widely used as methods to assess, respectively, sleep and frailty. Studies evaluating insomnia and frailty by the Fried phenotype all found an independent association. Poor sleep quality was independently associated with pre-frailty and frailty. Sleep onset insomnia, but not sleep maintenance insomnia, was associated with frailty. Short (5 h) and long (9 h) sleep duration were also associated with frailty. Poor sleep quality was associated with pre-frailty and frailty in older adults. The results show a wide diversity of methods for assessing both exposure (sleep quality) and outcome (frailty) and point to a need for further - especially longitudinal - research on the relationship between sleep and frailty.
睡眠问题和身体虚弱与老年人的不良健康后果（包括死亡率）相关，是一项重大的公共卫生挑战。
本研究调查了老年人睡眠质量和时长与身体虚弱之间的关联，重点关注评估方法。
本系统评价遵循系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）。检索了Embase、Medline（PubMed）和Cochrane图书馆，对出版物无时间限制。
本评价纳入的17项研究均发表于2009年至2024年之间，其中13项为横断面研究，仅4项为纵向研究。匹兹堡睡眠质量指数和弗里德表型分别被广泛用作评估睡眠和身体虚弱的方法。通过弗里德表型评估失眠和身体虚弱的研究均发现存在独立关联。睡眠质量差与虚弱前期和身体虚弱独立相关。入睡失眠而非维持睡眠失眠与身体虚弱相关。短睡眠时长（5小时）和长睡眠时长（9小时）也与身体虚弱相关。睡眠质量差与老年人的虚弱前期和身体虚弱相关。结果显示，评估暴露因素（睡眠质量）和结果（身体虚弱）的方法多种多样，表明需要对睡眠与身体虚弱之间的关系进行进一步研究，尤其是纵向研究。
