Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Front Public Health. 2022 Aug 25;10:963105. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.963105. eCollection 2022.
Sleep status, including sleep quality and nap duration, may be associated with frailty and cognitive impairment in older adults. Older adults living in nursing homes may be more prone to physical and cognitive frailties. This study aimed to investigate the association between sleep quality and nap duration, and cognitive frailty among older adults living in nursing homes.
This study included 1,206 older adults aged ≥ 60 years from nursing homes in Hunan province, China. A simple frailty questionnaire (FRAIL scale) was used and Mini-Mental State Examination was conducted to assess physical frailty and cognitive impairment, respectively, to confirm cognitive frailty. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used to assess the sleep quality. Nap duration was classified as follows: no, short (≤30 min), and long (>30 min) napping. Multinomial logistic regression was conducted to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).
The prevalence of cognitive frailty among the older adults in nursing homes was 17.5%. Approximately 60.9% of the older adults had a poor sleep quality. Among the 1,206 participants, 43.9% did not take naps, 29.1% had short naps, and 26.9% had long naps. After adjusting for all covariates, poor sleep quality (OR 2.53; 95% CI 1.78-3.59; < 0.001) and long nap duration (OR 1.77; 95% CI 1.19-2.64; = 0.003) were associated with higher odds of cognitive frailty, but short nap duration (OR 0.60; 95% CI 0.40-0.89; = 0.012) was associated with low prevalence of cognitive frailty.
Poor sleep quality and long nap duration are significantly associated with high risk of cognitive frailty among the older adults in nursing homes. Short nap duration was associated with low prevalence of cognitive frailty. However, these associations require further validation in older adults.
睡眠状况，包括睡眠质量和午睡持续时间，可能与老年人的虚弱和认知障碍有关。住在养老院的老年人更容易出现身体和认知上的虚弱。本研究旨在探讨养老院老年人的睡眠质量和午睡持续时间与认知脆弱之间的关系。
本研究纳入了来自中国湖南省养老院的 1206 名年龄≥60 岁的老年人。使用简单的虚弱问卷（FRAIL 量表）和简易精神状态检查分别评估身体虚弱和认知障碍，以确认认知脆弱。使用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数评估睡眠质量。午睡持续时间分为：无、短（≤30 分钟）和长（>30 分钟）。采用多变量逻辑回归模型估计比值比（OR）及其 95%置信区间（CI）。
养老院老年人认知脆弱的患病率为 17.5%。约 60.9%的老年人睡眠质量较差。在 1206 名参与者中，43.9%的人不午睡，29.1%的人午睡时间短，26.9%的人午睡时间长。调整所有协变量后，睡眠质量差（OR 2.53；95% CI 1.78-3.59；<0.001）和长午睡持续时间（OR 1.77；95% CI 1.19-2.64；=0.003）与认知脆弱的发生风险较高相关，而短午睡持续时间（OR 0.60；95% CI 0.40-0.89；=0.012）与认知脆弱的低患病率相关。
睡眠质量差和长午睡持续时间与养老院老年人认知脆弱的高风险显著相关。短午睡持续时间与认知脆弱的低患病率相关。然而，这些关联需要在老年人中进一步验证。
