Yang Tingting, Wang Yufei, Xu Ping, Tao Yuexian
School of Nursing, Hangzhou Normal University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
J Autism Dev Disord. 2025 Mar 13. doi: 10.1007/s10803-025-06790-3.
This review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions in improving the mental health of parents of children with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs), specifically focusing on outcomes such as parental stress, anxiety, depression, and parent-child relationships. A systematic search was conducted across multiple databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and others, up to December 2024. Two reviewers independently screened studies, extracted data, and assessed bias risk using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Studies involving parents of children with intellectual or developmental disabilities who received mindfulness-based interventions and reported psychological outcomes were included. The meta-analysis was conducted using Review Manager 5.4 software, with a random effects model applied. This systematic review included 15 studies (1124 participants), of which 14 were used for meta-analysis (1078 participants). The results indicate that mindfulness-based interventions reduced the stress levels [SMD = - 0.26, 95% CI (- 0.49, - 0.04)], depressive symptoms [SMD = - 0.37, 95% CI (- 0.66, - 0.08)], distress [SMD = - 0.26, 95% CI (- 0.43, - 0.09)] and anxiety symptoms[SMD = - 0.35, 95% CI (- 0.66, - 0.04)] of parents of children with IDDs, while also improving parent-child relationships [SMD = - 0.32, 95% CI (- 0.05, - 0.58)], although the effects were moderate. Subgroup analyses revealed that interventions lasting 8 weeks or more [SMD =- 0.41, 95% CI (-0.67, -0.14)] and those targeting only the parents [SMD = - 0.26, 95% CI (- 0.44, - 0.08)] showed some positive effects in improving parent-child relationships or parent stress. Mindfulness-based interventions appear to have a positive effect on improving the mental health of parents of children with IDDs. However, the evidence of their effectiveness in enhancing parental mindfulness remains inconclusive. Future studies should consider the key factors influencing intervention implementation and optimize the design of large-scale randomized controlled trials to systematically and comprehensively assess the effectiveness and applicability of mindfulness-based interventions.
本综述旨在评估基于正念的干预措施对改善智力和发育障碍（IDD）儿童家长心理健康的有效性，特别关注诸如父母压力、焦虑、抑郁以及亲子关系等结果。截至2024年12月，在多个数据库中进行了系统检索，包括科学网、PubMed、Embase等。两名评审员独立筛选研究、提取数据，并使用Cochrane偏倚风险工具评估偏倚风险。纳入了涉及接受基于正念干预措施并报告心理结果的IDD儿童家长的研究。使用Review Manager 5.4软件进行荟萃分析，并应用随机效应模型。本系统综述纳入了15项研究（1124名参与者），其中14项用于荟萃分析（1078名参与者）。结果表明，基于正念的干预措施降低了IDD儿童家长的压力水平[标准化均数差（SMD）=-0.26，95%置信区间（CI）（-0.49，-0.04）]、抑郁症状[SMD=-0.37，95%CI（-0.66，-0.08）]、痛苦[SMD=-0.26，95%CI（-0.43，-0.09）]和焦虑症状[SMD=-0.35，95%CI（-0.66，-0.04）]，同时还改善了亲子关系[SMD=-0.32，95%CI（-0.05，-0.58）]，尽管效果中等。亚组分析显示，持续8周或更长时间的干预措施[SMD=-0.41，95%CI（-0.67，-0.14）]以及仅针对家长的干预措施[SMD=-0.26，95%CI（-0.44，-0.08）]在改善亲子关系或家长压力方面显示出一些积极效果。基于正念的干预措施似乎对改善IDD儿童家长的心理健康有积极作用。然而，其在增强家长正念方面的有效性证据仍不确凿。未来的研究应考虑影响干预实施的关键因素，并优化大规模随机对照试验的设计，以系统全面地评估基于正念的干预措施的有效性和适用性。
