Li Jin, Hou Hou, Zhang Yong, Li Jing
Department of Neurology, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China.
NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin, 300134, China.
Heliyon. 2025 Feb 21;11(4):e42905. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2025.e42905. eCollection 2025 Feb 28.
Most patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) suffer from multimorbidity, but the multimorbidity patterns were not well understood. We aimed to ascertain the different multimorbidity patterns among T2DM patients and to explore the corresponding associated factors.
The study included 3403 T2DM patients from Tianjin, China. Multimorbidity (including dyslipidemia, hypertension, hyperuricemia, cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney disease, and chronic liver disease) was ascertained through medical records. Data were analyzed using latent class analysis and multi-nominal logistic regression.
The leading 3 morbidity were dyslipidemia, cardiovascular diseases, and hypertension; and 16.9 % had multimorbidity. Four unique patterns were ascertained: multimorbidity-free, T2DM with cardiovascular diseases mainly, T2DM with dyslipidemia mainly, and T2DM with hypertension mainly. In the subsample of 1779 patients, greater BMI and LDL, and non-use of insulin were associated factors for cardiovascular disease patterns; older age, higher HDL, lower LDL, and insulin use for dyslipidemia patterns; male sex, higher TG and LDL, and non-use of insulin for hypertension patterns.
Dyslipidemia, cardiovascular diseases, and hypertension were the most common chronic conditions among T2DM patients. Four groups of T2DM-associated multimorbidity patterns were identified, and different patterns had varying associated factors. Our research findings highlight the significance of formulating personalized nursing measures for patients with different T2DM multimorbidity patterns.
大多数2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者患有多种疾病，但多种疾病共存模式尚未得到充分了解。我们旨在确定T2DM患者中不同的多种疾病共存模式，并探索相应的相关因素。
该研究纳入了来自中国天津的3403例T2DM患者。通过病历确定多种疾病共存情况（包括血脂异常、高血压、高尿酸血症、心血管疾病、慢性肾脏病和慢性肝病）。使用潜在类别分析和多项逻辑回归对数据进行分析。
前三位主要疾病为血脂异常、心血管疾病和高血压；16.9%的患者患有多种疾病。确定了四种独特模式：无多种疾病共存、以心血管疾病为主的T2DM、以血脂异常为主的T2DM和以高血压为主的T2DM。在1779例患者的子样本中，较高的体重指数（BMI）和低密度脂蛋白（LDL）以及未使用胰岛素是心血管疾病模式的相关因素；年龄较大、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）较高、LDL较低以及使用胰岛素是血脂异常模式的相关因素；男性、甘油三酯（TG）和LDL较高以及未使用胰岛素是高血压模式的相关因素。
血脂异常、心血管疾病和高血压是T2DM患者中最常见的慢性病。确定了四组与T2DM相关的多种疾病共存模式，不同模式有不同的相关因素。我们的研究结果凸显了为不同T2DM多种疾病共存模式的患者制定个性化护理措施的重要性。
