Eldakhakhny Basmah, Enani Sumia, Bahijri Suhad, Ajabnoor Ghada, Al-Ahmadi Jawaher, Al-Raddadi Rajaa, Jambi Hanan, Alhozali Amani Matook, Borai Anwar, Tuomilehto Jaakko
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Food, Nutrition and Lifestyle Research Unit, King Fahd for Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Heliyon. 2025 Feb 20;11(4):e42880. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2025.e42880. eCollection 2025 Feb 28.
Atherosclerosis, hypertension, and diabetes (DM) is preceded by inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. Early detection of these risk factors is expected to improve prognosis. We aimed to examine the association between gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) with hypertension (HTN) in the presence and absence of dysglycaemia among Saudi adults not previously diagnosed with DM.Methods: adults were recruited randomly from public healthcare centres in Jeddah. Demographic information, blood pressure, and anthropometric measurements were taken. Fasting blood samples were drawn to measure glucose, glycated haemoglobin, lipid profile, hs-CRP, and GGT. Blood was drawn again following a 1-h oral glucose tolerance test, and plasma glucose was measured.
Mean GGT and hs-CRP were higher in people with HTN and dysglycaemia than those without both (P < 0.001). In people with HTN, those with intermediate hyperglycaemia (pre-DM) had significantly higher means of GGT and hs-CRP compared with those without (P < 0.001 and 0.013, respectively). In people with pre-DM, those with HTN had significantly higher means of GGT than those without (P = 0.008), but the increase in mean hs-CRP was not statistically significant. Mean GGT was higher in people with DM compared to means of those with pre-DM and HTN (P = 0.04).
An association between higher serum levels of hs-CRP and GGT and dysglycaemia exists, especially in hypertensive people. Monitoring both biomarkers in dysglycaemic people, especially if they have elevated blood pressure, is recommended to initiate therapeutic interventions.
动脉粥样硬化、高血压和糖尿病（DM）之前会出现炎症和内皮功能障碍。早期发现这些危险因素有望改善预后。我们旨在研究沙特阿拉伯未被诊断为糖尿病的成年人中，γ-谷氨酰转移酶（GGT）和高敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）与高血压（HTN）在有无血糖异常情况下的关联。
从吉达的公共医疗中心随机招募成年人。记录人口统计学信息、血压和人体测量数据。采集空腹血样以测量血糖、糖化血红蛋白、血脂谱、hs-CRP和GGT。在进行1小时口服葡萄糖耐量试验后再次采血，并测量血浆葡萄糖。
患有高血压和血糖异常的人群中，GGT和hs-CRP的平均水平高于无这两种情况的人群（P < 0.001）。在患有高血压的人群中，中度高血糖（糖尿病前期）患者的GGT和hs-CRP平均水平显著高于无中度高血糖的患者（分别为P < 0.001和0.013）。在糖尿病前期人群中，患有高血压的患者GGT平均水平显著高于无高血压的患者（P = 0.008），但hs-CRP平均水平的升高无统计学意义。糖尿病患者的GGT平均水平高于糖尿病前期和高血压患者（P = 0.04）。
血清hs-CRP和GGT水平升高与血糖异常之间存在关联，尤其是在高血压患者中。建议对血糖异常人群，特别是血压升高的人群监测这两种生物标志物，以便启动治疗干预。
