埃塞俄比亚中部比绍夫图市生牛奶及其制品中沙门氏菌的分离、鉴定及抗菌药物耐药性分析：对公共卫生的影响

Isolation, Identification and Antimicrobial Resistance Profile of Salmonella in Raw cow milk & its products in Bishoftu city, central Ethiopia: implication for public health.

作者信息

Temesgen Lema, Tufa Takele Beyene, Abunna Fufa

机构信息

College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 34, Bishoftu, Oromia, Ethiopia.

出版信息

One Health Outlook. 2025 Mar 15;7(1):10. doi: 10.1186/s42522-025-00134-y.

DOI:10.1186/s42522-025-00134-y

PMID:40087724

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11909932/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Salmonella is a significant foodborne pathogen, with milk and milk products commonly implicated in its transmission. However, limited information is available regarding the direct link between antimicrobial use (AMU), dairy hygiene practices, and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Salmonella strains isolated from dairy products in Bishoftu town.

METHODS

Cross-sectional research was done from October 2023 to April 2024 to assess dairy farmers' antimicrobial usage (AMU) and hygiene practices and the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles of Salmonella isolated from raw cow milk and its products. A structured questionnaire was also used to assess the milk value chain's knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) regarding AMU, AMR, and hygiene practices. Salmonella isolation and identification was conducted using standard microbiological techniques and further confirmation was carried out using the OmniLog system. An antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion technique..Data was analyzed using STATA version 14.2.

RESULTS

Among 41 dairy farmers interviewed, it was found that most of the respondents had sufficient knowledge (78%), desired attitudes (90%), and good practices (76%) regarding AMU and AMR. However, 36% of dairy farms had poor hygienic practices. Overall, 2% (n = 4) of the samples tested positive for S. enterica. Of the 4 isolates, 3 were identified in dairy farm samples, whereas 1 was isolated from milk vendors. However, no Salmonella was identified in cheese or yoghurt samples obtained from the restaurants. Regarding the AMR profile, S. enterica isolates were resistant to amoxicillin (75%), streptomycin (75%), and tetracycline (50%). Resistant to two or more antimicrobials were identified in 75% of the isolates.

CONCLUSION

This study indicated contamination of cow milk and its products with S. enterica. Therefore, appropriate control measures, including awareness creation among personnel and improving hygienic practices at the milk value chains is recommended to mitigate cross-contamination.

摘要

背景

沙门氏菌是一种重要的食源性病原体，牛奶及奶制品常与其传播有关。然而，关于比绍夫图镇从奶制品中分离出的沙门氏菌菌株中抗菌药物使用（AMU）、乳品卫生 practices与抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）之间的直接联系，相关信息有限。

方法

于2023年10月至2024年4月开展横断面研究，以评估奶农的抗菌药物使用（AMU）和卫生 practices以及从生牛奶及其制品中分离出的沙门氏菌的抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）谱情况。还使用结构化问卷评估了牛奶价值链中关于AMU、AMR和卫生 practices的知识、态度和行为（KAP）。采用标准微生物技术进行沙门氏菌的分离和鉴定，并使用OmniLog系统进行进一步确认。采用 Kirby - Bauer纸片扩散技术进行抗菌药物敏感性试验。数据使用STATA 14.2版本进行分析。

结果

在接受访谈的41位奶农中，发现大多数受访者对AMU和AMR有足够的知识（78%）、期望的态度（90%）和良好的行为（76%）。然而，36%的奶牛场卫生 practices较差。总体而言，2%（n = 4）的样本检测出肠炎沙门氏菌呈阳性。在4株分离株中，3株在奶牛场样本中被鉴定出来，而1株是从牛奶供应商处分离得到的。然而，从餐馆获取的奶酪或酸奶样本中未鉴定出沙门氏菌。关于AMR谱，肠炎沙门氏菌分离株对阿莫西林（75%）、链霉素（75%）和四环素（50%）耐药。75%的分离株对两种或更多种抗菌药物耐药。