Saleem Aisha, Wu Lu, Shi Haiqing, Wasim Muhammad, Huang Lingzhi, Jia Wenchao, Arbab Ali, Tazeen Hira
School of Light Industry & Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
School of Light Industry & Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2025 May;307(Pt 2):142123. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.142123. Epub 2025 Mar 14.
Lignin is the most prevalent by-product of the pulp and paper industry and the world's second most abundant naturally occurring renewable biopolymer, after cellulose. Among various lignin-based materials, lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) are inexpensive and easily biodegradable by fungi and bacteria in nature, considered as a valuable class of renewable resources. Additionally, LNPs are not biotoxic and do not cause tissue rejection. Recent studies have shown that LNPs exhibit bright and promising applications in biocatalysts, energy storage devices, drug and tissue engineering, and hybrid nanocomposites. These nanoparticles can be synthesized from different lignin by utilizing various chemical, physical, and biological processes, resulting in diverse morphology, shape, size, yield, and stability. The purpose of this review is to discuss the current state of lignin-based nanoparticles, with an emphasis on their viability and commercialization. To understand the concept, mechanism of formation, synthesis techniques, and applications, as well as future perspectives and challenges.
木质素是制浆造纸工业中最普遍的副产品，也是世界上第二丰富的天然可再生生物聚合物，仅次于纤维素。在各种基于木质素的材料中，木质素纳米颗粒（LNPs）价格低廉，在自然界中易于被真菌和细菌生物降解，被视为一类有价值的可再生资源。此外，LNPs没有生物毒性，不会引起组织排斥。最近的研究表明，LNPs在生物催化剂、储能装置、药物和组织工程以及杂化纳米复合材料方面展现出光明且前景广阔的应用。这些纳米颗粒可以通过利用各种化学、物理和生物过程，由不同的木质素合成，从而产生多样的形态、形状、尺寸、产率和稳定性。本综述的目的是讨论基于木质素的纳米颗粒的现状，重点关注其可行性和商业化。以了解其概念、形成机制、合成技术、应用以及未来前景和挑战。
