Hansen J T
J Neurocytol. 1985 Feb;14(1):13-32. doi: 10.1007/BF01150260.
The carotid body of the monkey (Macaca fascicularis) was studied at both the light and electron microscopic levels in an effort to provide a detailed quantitative characterization of this chemoreceptor organ in the primate. Structurally, the monkey carotid body was organized into lobules of from three to eight glomus cells (in section) and their ensheathing supporting cells. Interspersed among the lobules was abundant connective tissue stroma, fibroblasts and mast cells. Fenestrated capillaries, small arterioles and venules also permeated the organ. Each supporting cell partially ensheathed about three glomus cells and could be easily differentiated from glomus cells by their darker cytoplasmic staining, lack of dense-core vesicles and angular nuclear profile. Glomus cells exhibited an intense catecholamine histofluorescence and contained abundant dense-core vesicles. On the basis of dense-core vesicle size, shape and numerical density, four types of glomus cells were identified. The most common type (62% of all glomus cells) contained vesicles with an average diameter of 219 nm and a density of 8 vesicles per micron 2 of cytoplasm. The second type possessed larger vesicles (264 nm in diameter) and accounted for about 14% of all glomus cells. A third type of glomus cell contained smaller (167 nm) and fewer (5 vesicles per micron2) dense-core vesicles. The fourth type of glomus cell contained pleomorphic-shaped vesicles with a maximal diameter of 232 nm. Each of these last two types accounted for about 12% of all glomus cells. All four types of glomus cells were innervated, averaging 1.43 nerve endings per glomus cell (in sections). Nerve endings were primarily of the bouton-like variety averaging 2 micron2 in sectional area and containing 34.3 clear-core synaptic vesicles (average size 73.5 nm in diameter) per micron2 of cytoplasm. Of the 57 nerve endings examined in single sections, 16% displayed junctions typical of synaptic specializations and most of these were presynaptic to glomus cells. Glomus cell-glomus cell synapses were not observed. Based on these quantitative observations and on previous studies of carotid body cytoarchitecture in other laboratory species, it appears that the primate organ most closely resembles the cat carotid body, although several differences exist.
为了对灵长类动物的这种化学感受器器官进行详细的定量表征，我们在光镜和电镜水平上对猕猴（食蟹猴）的颈动脉体进行了研究。从结构上看，猕猴的颈动脉体由三到八个球细胞（在切片中）及其包绕的支持细胞组成小叶。小叶间散布着丰富的结缔组织基质、成纤维细胞和肥大细胞。有孔毛细血管、小动脉和小静脉也贯穿该器官。每个支持细胞部分包绕约三个球细胞，通过其较深的细胞质染色、缺乏致密核心小泡和角形核轮廓，可轻易与球细胞区分开来。球细胞表现出强烈的儿茶酚胺组织荧光，并含有丰富的致密核心小泡。根据致密核心小泡的大小、形状和数量密度，鉴定出四种类型的球细胞。最常见的类型（占所有球细胞的62%）含有平均直径为219 nm、密度为每平方微米细胞质8个小泡的小泡。第二种类型具有较大的小泡（直径264 nm），约占所有球细胞的14%。第三种类型的球细胞含有较小（167 nm）且数量较少（每平方微米5个）的致密核心小泡。第四种类型的球细胞含有最大直径为232 nm的多形性小泡。最后这两种类型的球细胞各占所有球细胞的约12%。所有四种类型的球细胞都有神经支配，每个球细胞平均有1.43个神经末梢（在切片中）。神经末梢主要是纽扣状，平均截面积为2平方微米，每平方微米细胞质含有34.3个清亮核心突触小泡（平均直径73.5 nm）。在单切片中检查的57个神经末梢中，16%显示出典型的突触特化连接，其中大多数是球细胞的突触前连接。未观察到球细胞-球细胞突触。基于这些定量观察以及之前对其他实验物种颈动脉体细胞结构的研究，尽管存在一些差异，但灵长类动物的这个器官似乎与猫的颈动脉体最为相似。
