Dickey Sabrina L, Yigit Ibrahim, Maragh-Bass Allysha C, Comello Maria Leonora G, Stoner Marie C D, Larsen Margo Adams, Muessig Kathryn E, Pettifor Audrey E, Budhwani Henna, Hightow-Weidman Lisa B
College of Nursing, Florida State University (FSU), Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA.
Institute on Digital Health and Innovation, Florida State University (FSU), Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA.
J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2025 Mar 17. doi: 10.1007/s40615-025-02384-y.
The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the centuries old issue of vaccine hesitancy and exposed healthcare inequities harming Black young adults. Despite vaccines being able to reduce COVID-19, human papillomavirus (HPV), and influenza morbidity and mortality, they are underutilized. An examination of socio-behavioral factors to understand motivators and barriers to vaccine uptake within Black communities is necessary to improve preventative health.
We conducted an online survey of 360 Black young adults, aged 18 and 29 years in the southern United States. Participants were part of a larger randomized-controlled trial which evaluated a digital health intervention for receiving the COVID-19 vaccine. A correlation analysis and a series of logistic regressions were performed to examine the relationships between vaccination knowledge, hesitancy, and conspiracy beliefs for vaccination status for COVID-19, HPV, and influenza.
Vaccine hesitancy and conspiracy beliefs were negatively associated with COVID-19 vaccination (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = .45, confidence interval (CI) [.284, .722], p < .001; AOR = .37, CI [.217, .628], p < .001, respectively, but vaccination knowledge was not (p = .295). Vaccination hesitancy was negatively associated with ever having accepted HPV vaccination (AOR = .66, CI [.477, 1.56], p = .011). Vaccination hesitancy, conspiracy beliefs, and knowledge were not significantly associated with influenza vaccination.
Vaccine hesitancy remains a pertinent factor affecting southern Black young adults. Vaccine-related conspiracy beliefs emerged amidst the COVID-19 pandemic and was significant for refusal of the COVID-19 vaccine. Results indicate the need for continued public health efforts to address vaccine hesitancy and conspiracies among southern Black young adults and providing reputable information from trusted sources recognized by this population.
新冠疫情凸显了存在数百年之久的疫苗犹豫问题，并暴露了危害黑人青年的医疗保健不平等现象。尽管疫苗能够降低新冠病毒、人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）和流感的发病率和死亡率，但它们的利用率仍然很低。有必要研究社会行为因素，以了解黑人社区内疫苗接种的动机和障碍，从而改善预防性健康。
我们对美国南部360名年龄在18至29岁之间的黑人青年进行了在线调查。参与者是一项更大规模随机对照试验的一部分，该试验评估了一种用于接种新冠疫苗的数字健康干预措施。进行了相关性分析和一系列逻辑回归分析，以研究新冠病毒、HPV和流感疫苗接种知识、犹豫态度和阴谋论信念与疫苗接种状况之间的关系。
疫苗犹豫态度和阴谋论信念与新冠疫苗接种呈负相关（调整后的优势比（AOR）分别为0.45，置信区间（CI）[0.284, 0.722]，p < 0.001；AOR为0.37，CI [0.217, 0.628]，p < 0.001），但疫苗接种知识与疫苗接种状况无关（p = 0.295）。疫苗犹豫态度与曾经接受HPV疫苗接种呈负相关（AOR = 0.66，CI [0.477, 1.56]，p = (此处原文有误，应为p = 0.011)）。疫苗犹豫态度、阴谋论信念和知识与流感疫苗接种无显著关联。
疫苗犹豫态度仍然是影响美国南部黑人青年的一个相关因素。与疫苗相关的阴谋论信念在新冠疫情期间出现，并且是拒绝接种新冠疫苗的一个重要因素。结果表明，需要持续开展公共卫生工作，以解决美国南部黑人青年中的疫苗犹豫态度和阴谋论问题，并提供该人群认可的可靠来源的可信信息。
