Jin Min, Wei Linfang, Wang Jianhua, Shen Yuehong, Gao Lei, Zhao Fan, Gao Qianying, Ma Yifei, Sun Yongyan, Lin Ying, Ji Guanjie, Cai Pingping, Yan Rugen
College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
Front Pharmacol. 2025 Mar 3;16:1534798. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1534798. eCollection 2025.
Formononetin (FMN) is a common natural metabolite that can be extracted and isolated from some common botanical drugs. In recent years, FMN has garnered increasing attention due to its beneficial biological activities. In this paper, we systematically summarize the sources of FMN and provide a comprehensive review of its pharmacological activities and molecular mechanisms, co-administration, toxicity, derivatives, and drug delivery systems in the last 5 years. The study results found that FMN has a wide range of pharmacological activities in neurological disorders, organ damage and cancer, showing great potential for clinical application and broad prospects. Researchers are exploring various types of delivery systems, including nanoparticle carriers, ligand modifications and polymer microspheres. These advanced delivery systems can enhance the stability of FMN, prolong its release time , and improve targeting, thereby optimizing its therapeutic efficacy and reducing side effects, and greatly improving its bioavailability. In conclusion, FMN is a natural metabolite with considerable research value, and its diverse biological activities make it a promising candidate for drug development and medical research.
大豆苷元（FMN）是一种常见的天然代谢产物，可从一些常见的植物药中提取和分离出来。近年来，FMN因其有益的生物活性而受到越来越多的关注。在本文中，我们系统地总结了FMN的来源，并对其在过去5年中的药理活性、分子机制、联合用药、毒性、衍生物和药物递送系统进行了全面综述。研究结果发现，FMN在神经疾病、器官损伤和癌症方面具有广泛的药理活性，显示出巨大的临床应用潜力和广阔前景。研究人员正在探索各种类型的递送系统，包括纳米颗粒载体、配体修饰和聚合物微球。这些先进的递送系统可以提高FMN的稳定性，延长其释放时间，并改善靶向性，从而优化其治疗效果并减少副作用，大大提高其生物利用度。总之，FMN是一种具有相当研究价值的天然代谢产物，其多样的生物活性使其成为药物开发和医学研究的有前途的候选物。
